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Una pantalla CRISPR define una vía de procesamiento de péptidos de señal requerida por los flavivirus
Nature
|July 8, 2016
Resumen
Los investigadores identificaron genes huéspedes cruciales para la infección por flavivirus, encontrando que las proteínas del complejo de peptidasa de señal (SPCS) son esenciales para el procesamiento viral y la secreción de partículas. Dirigirse al SPCS podría ofrecer nuevas terapias antivirales contra los flavivirus.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología
- Biología molecular
- La genética
Sus antecedentes:
- Los flavivirus causan cargas significativas para la salud mundial sin tratamientos antivirales disponibles.
- Comprender las interacciones huésped-patógeno es clave para desarrollar nuevas estrategias terapéuticas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar los genes del huésped esenciales para la replicación del flavivirus utilizando una pantalla CRISPR/Cas9 de todo el genoma.
- Investigar el papel de los factores del huésped identificados en el ciclo de vida del flavivirus.
Principales métodos:
- Cribado CRISPR/Cas9 de todo el genoma para identificar los factores de dependencia del huésped.
- Validación de genes candidatos involucrados en las funciones del retículo endoplasmático.
- Análisis del procesamiento de proteínas virales y la secreción de partículas.
Principales resultados:
- Se validaron nueve genes humanos esenciales para la infectividad de los flavivirus, involucrados principalmente en las funciones del retículo endoplasmático.
- Las proteínas del complejo de peptidasa de señal (SPCS), particularmente SPCS1, son críticas para la escisión de las proteínas estructurales de los flavivirus (prM y E) y la secreción de partículas virales.
- La pérdida de SPCS1 redujo significativamente la infección en múltiples virus Flaviviridae (Nilo Occidental, Dengue, Zika, fiebre amarilla, encefalitis japonesa, hepatitis C), pero no en otras familias de virus.
- La dependencia de SPCS1 se evitó mediante la alteración de las secuencias de proteínas líderes virales, lo que indica una dependencia específica de esta vía huésped.
Conclusiones:
- Los flavivirus exhiben una dependencia única en la vía de procesamiento de péptidos de señal mediada por SPCS1.
- SPCS1 y proteínas relacionadas son objetivos farmacológicos potenciales para terapias antivirales de amplio espectro contra los flavivirus.
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