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Demostración de una pequeña computadora cuántica programable con qubits atómicos

S Debnath1, N M Linke1, C Figgatt1

  • 1Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.

Nature
|August 5, 2016
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Una nueva computadora cuántica de iones atrapados de cinco qubits demuestra la programabilidad del software para algoritmos cuánticos arbitrarios. Esta plataforma de computación cuántica flexible logra una alta fidelidad para ejecutar varias puertas y algoritmos lógicos cuánticos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La computación cuántica
  • Trampas de iones
  • Ciencias de la información cuántica

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las computadoras convencionales tienen limitaciones a la hora de resolver problemas complejos.
  • Las plataformas de computación cuántica existentes a menudo tienen limitaciones específicas de hardware.
  • La demostración de algoritmos cuánticos versátiles es crucial para el avance de la computación cuántica.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para demostrar una computadora cuántica de iones atrapados de cinco qubits programable.
  • Para permitir la ejecución de algoritmos cuánticos arbitrarios a través de la reconfiguración de software.
  • Para lograr una alta fidelidad para puertas lógicas cuánticas universales.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó un sistema de iones atrapados de cinco qubits.
  • Compiló algoritmos cuánticos en secuencias de puertas lógicas cuánticas universales nativas del hardware.
  • Implementación de algoritmos mediante la reconfiguración de secuencias de puertas en el software.

Principales resultados:

  • Se logró una fidelidad media de la puerta del 98%.
  • Implementó con éxito los algoritmos de Deutsch-Jozsa y Bernstein-Vazirani con altas tasas de éxito (95% y 90%).
  • Realizó la transformación cuántica de Fourier en cinco qubits con fidelidades promedio de 62% (estimación de fase) y 84% (encuentro de período).

Conclusiones:

  • La computadora cuántica de iones atrapados demostrada ofrece flexibilidad de hardware para diversos algoritmos cuánticos.
  • El sistema es escalable a números de qubits más grandes y expansión modular.
  • Este trabajo avanza en el desarrollo de sistemas de computación cuántica prácticos y versátiles.