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Membrane Transport Processes Analyzed by a Highly Parallel Nanopore Chip System at Single Protein Resolution
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Transporte molecular a través de capilares hechos con precisión a escala atómica
B Radha1, A Esfandiar1, F C Wang2
1School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
Nature
|September 8, 2016
Resumen
Los investigadores fabricaron nanocanales atómicamente precisos utilizando el ensamblaje de van der Waals. Estos capilares suaves y estrechos permiten el transporte de agua ultrarrápido, abriendo nuevas posibilidades en nanofluídica y ciencia de materiales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Nanotecnología
- Química Física
Sus antecedentes:
- Los poros y capilares a escala nanométrica son cruciales en la naturaleza y la tecnología.
- La fabricación de nano capilares artificiales con dimensiones precisas es un desafío debido a la rugosidad de la superficie.
- La investigación en nanofluidos está avanzando con nuevas capacidades de fabricación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar un método para fabricar nano capilares estrechos y lisos con precisión a escala atómica.
- Para investigar las propiedades de transporte de agua en estos nanocanales controlados con precisión.
- Explorar el potencial del ensamblaje de van der Waals para crear nanoestructuras sintonizables.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizando el ensamblaje de van der Waals con láminas atómicamente planas (grafeno) y cristales bidimensionales en capas como espaciadores.
- Control preciso del número de capas en los espaciadores para definir la altura del canal con precisión atómica.
- Caracterizando el transporte de agua a través de canales que van desde uno hasta varias docenas de planos atómicos de altura.
Principales resultados:
- Se logró la fabricación de capilares lisos con dimensiones controladas a la precisión de Ångström.
- Flujo de agua inesperadamente rápido (hasta 1 m/s) atribuido a altas presiones capilares y grandes longitudes de deslizamiento.
- Se observó un mayor flujo en canales que albergan pocas capas de agua, vinculado a un mayor orden estructural en el agua nanoconfinada.
Conclusiones:
- El ensamblaje de Van der Waals proporciona una ruta poderosa para crear nano capilares con dimensiones ajustables y propiedades controladas.
- Las estructuras fabricadas ofrecen una plataforma para estudios fundamentales del transporte molecular en entornos nanoconfinados.
- Esta tecnología permite el diseño de nuevos dispositivos para nanofluidos y más allá, utilizando una amplia gama de materiales atómicamente planos.
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