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El azufre orgánico disuelto en el océano: Biogeoquímica de un inventario de petagramas

Kerstin B Ksionzek¹, Oliver J Lechtenfeld², S Leigh McCallister³

¹Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Leobener Straße, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. kerstin.ksionzek@awi.de boris.koch@awi.de.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 30, 2016

Resumen

La producción primaria marina se basa en el azufre, sin embargo, el azufre orgánico disuelto (DOS) sigue siendo poco conocido. Este estudio cuantifica el DOS en el Atlántico, revelando su importante papel en los ciclos biogeoquímicos del océano y un inventario global de 6,7 petagramas.

Área de la Ciencia:

La oceanografía
Biogeoquímica marina
Geoquímica orgánica

Sus antecedentes:

El azufre es vital para la vida marina y el clima, pero la piscina oceánica de azufre orgánico disuelto no volátil (DOS) no se caracteriza en gran medida.
La comprensión de la distribución DOS es crucial para la producción primaria marina y el ciclo biogeoquímico.
Las investigaciones anteriores tienen datos limitados sobre la distribución global y la importancia de DOS.

Objetivo del estudio:

Determinar la distribución a escala de cuenca del azufre orgánico disuelto extraíble en fase sólida (DOS) en el Océano Atlántico oriental y en el sector atlántico del Océano Austral.
Investigar el ciclo biogeoquímico y el destino de DOS en entornos marinos.
Para estimar el inventario oceánico global de DOS.

Principales métodos:

Se recogieron muestras de agua del Océano Atlántico Oriental y del sector Atlántico del Océano Austral.
Muestras analizadas para el azufre orgánico disuelto (DOS) extraíble en fase sólida, el nitrógeno orgánico disuelto (DON) y el carbono orgánico disuelto (DOC).
Las relaciones molares calculadas (DOS/DON, DOC/DOS) y el rendimiento de metionina-S para evaluar el ciclo de DOS.

Principales resultados:

Las proporciones molares DOS/DON en las aguas superficiales del Atlántico se han aproximado a la estequiometría del fitoplancton.
El aumento de las relaciones DOC/DOS y la disminución del rendimiento de metionina-S indicaron la eliminación selectiva de DOS.
El inventario global mínimo estimado de DOS marino es de 6,7 petagramos de azufre, lo que excede a otras piscinas de azufre orgánico.

Conclusiones:

El azufre orgánico disuelto (DOS) está activamente involucrado en los ciclos biogeoquímicos marinos, con evidencia de eliminación selectiva.
El grupo oceánico de DOS es sustancial, con un inventario global significativamente mayor de lo estimado anteriormente.
Se necesitan más investigaciones para aclarar plenamente las funciones complejas de DOS en los ecosistemas marinos y los procesos biogeoquímicos globales.

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