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La redefinición de la virósfera del ARN de los invertebrados
Mang Shi1,2, Xian-Dan Lin3, Jun-Hua Tian4
1State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, 100206 Beijing, China.
Nature
|November 24, 2016
Resumen
Este estudio descubrió 1.445 virus de ARN en invertebrados, ampliando nuestra comprensión de la biodiversidad y la evolución de los virus de ARN. Los hallazgos revelan una flexibilidad genómica significativa y llenan vacíos en la filogenia del virus de ARN.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología
- Biología evolutiva
- Zoología de los invertebrados
Sus antecedentes:
- La comprensión actual de la biodiversidad de los virus de ARN es limitada, centrándose principalmente en los virus cultivables o patógenos.
- Este sesgo da como resultado una visión fragmentada de la virósfera global y su historia evolutiva.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para perfilar los transcriptomas de una amplia gama de especies de invertebrados.
- Descubrir y caracterizar nuevos virus de ARN dentro de estos invertebrados.
- Ampliar la comprensión de la filogenia del virus de ARN y la diversidad genómica.
Principales métodos:
- Secuenciación del transcriptoma de más de 220 especies de invertebrados en nueve filos animales.
- Análisis bioinformático para identificar y clasificar los virus de ARN.
- El análisis filogenético para comprender las relaciones evolutivas.
Principales resultados:
- Descubrimiento de 1.445 virus de ARN, incluidas las nuevas familias.
- Identificación de virus que llenan vacíos en la filogenia conocida del virus de ARN.
- Evidencia de recombinación frecuente, transferencia lateral de genes y reordenamientos genómicos dentro del viroma de los invertebrados.
Conclusiones:
- El viroma de los invertebrados es filogenéticamente y genómicamente más diverso de lo que se reconocía anteriormente.
- La evolución del virus de ARN está formada por el cambio de huésped y la co-divergencia.
- Este estudio proporciona una base para futuras investigaciones en ecología y evolución de virus.
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