Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 13, 2026

07:38
DNA Polymerase Activity Assay Using Near-infrared Fluorescent Labeled DNA Visualized by Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
Published on: October 6, 2017
Un sitio activo de 3'----5' exonucleasa conservado en las polimerasas de ADN de procariotas y eucariotas
A Bernad1, L Blanco, J M Lázaro
1Centro de Biologia Molecular (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.
Cell
|October 6, 1989
Resumen
El 3 El 3 El 3 El 3
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Enzimología Enzimología.
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las polimerasas de ADN poseen una actividad crucial de 3' a 5' exonucleasa para la reparación y replicación del ADN.
- La homología de secuencias sugiere sitios activos conservados a través de las polimerasas de ADN procariotas y eucariotas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la conservación evolutiva del sitio activo de la 3' a 5' exonucleasa en las polimerasas de ADN.
- Para validar la conservación funcional utilizando la mutagénesis dirigida al sitio en la ADN polimerasa phi 29.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de homología de secuencia de aminoácidos de la ADN polimerasa I de E. coli con otras polimerasas.
- Mutagénesis dirigida al sitio del sitio activo predicho de la exonucleasa en la ADN polimerasa phi 29.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó regiones de aminoácidos conservados críticos para la unión a los metales, la unión al ADN y la catálisis en las polimerasas de ADN de procariotas y eucariotas.
- La mutagenesis de la ADN polimerasa phi 29 abolió su actividad de 3' a 5' exonucleasa, confirmando la conservación funcional.
- Demostró un alto grado de conservación evolutiva para este dominio catalítico.
Conclusiones:
- El sitio activo de la 3' a 5' exonucleasa está altamente conservado en diversas polimerasas de ADN.
- Se propone una organización modular de las actividades enzimáticas para las polimerasas de ADN procariotas y eucariotas.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
Replication in Eukaryotes
Overview
Proofreading
Synthesis of new DNA molecules starts when DNA polymerase links nucleotides together in a sequence that is complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity for the correct base to ensure fidelity in DNA replication. The DNA polymerase furthermore proofreads during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.Errors during Replication Are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase EnzymeGenomic DNA is synthesized in...
The Replisome
DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
Translesion DNA Polymerases
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
Proofreading
Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore, it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase Enzyme
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase Enzyme
Replication in Eukaryotes
In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

