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La aleatoriedad certificada en la física cuántica
Antonio Acín1,2, Lluis Masanes3
1ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain.
Nature
|December 9, 2016
Resumen
Las tecnologías cuánticas ofrecen nuevas formas de generar aleatoriedad certificada, superando las limitaciones de los métodos estándar. La generación de aleatoriedad independiente del dispositivo, basada en la violación de la desigualdad de Bell, es un avance prometedor.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La física
- Ciencias de la información
Sus antecedentes:
- La aleatoriedad es crucial en la naturaleza, la criptografía, los algoritmos y las simulaciones.
- Los métodos de generación de aleatoriedad existentes a menudo se basan en suposiciones de dispositivos inválidos.
- La mecánica cuántica proporciona un nuevo enfoque para la generación de aleatoriedad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para revisar los generadores de aleatoriedad independientes del dispositivo.
- Para discutir los desafíos en el diseño de estos generadores.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizando la violación de las desigualdades de Bell para la generación de aleatoriedad.
- Empleando protocolos independientes del dispositivo que no requieren el modelado del dispositivo.
Principales resultados:
- Las tecnologías cuánticas permiten la generación de aleatoriedad certificada.
- Los métodos independientes del dispositivo ofrecen una mayor seguridad y fiabilidad.
Conclusiones:
- La generación de aleatoriedad independiente del dispositivo es un avance significativo en las tecnologías cuánticas.
- Se necesita más investigación para superar los desafíos de diseño.
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