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Electrorreducción de dióxido de carbono a hidrocarburos utilizando catalizadores bimetálicos Cu-Pd con diferentes
Sichao Ma1,2, Masaaki Sadakiyo2,3, Minako Heima2,3
1Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UIUC , 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 14, 2016
Resumen
Los investigadores exploraron catalizadores bimetálicos de cobre y paladio (Cu-Pd) para la conversión electroquímica de dióxido de carbono (CO2). Los catalizadores Cu-Pd ordenados producían selectivamente productos químicos C1, mientras que los catalizadores separados por fase favorecían los productos químicos C2, ofreciendo una utilización de CO2 ajustable.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Electroquímica y catálisis
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Química del medio ambiente
Sus antecedentes:
- La conversión electroquímica del dióxido de carbono (CO2) es crucial para la utilización del CO2 y el almacenamiento de energía renovable.
- El cobre (Cu) es el electrocatalizador primario para el CO2 a los hidrocarburos, pero carece de selectividad, produciendo varios productos.
- El desarrollo de catalizadores altamente selectivos para productos específicos de reducción de CO2 es esencial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los catalizadores bimetálicos Cu-Pd con diferentes disposiciones atómicas para la reducción de CO2.
- Identificar los factores clave que influyen en la selectividad hacia los productos químicos C1 o C2 en la electrocatálisis del CO2.
- Comprender el papel de los efectos geométricos y electrónicos en el rendimiento del catalizador.
Principales métodos:
- Sintetizó y estudió varios catalizadores bimetálicos Cu-Pd con estructuras ordenadas, desordenadas y separadas por fases.
- Selectividad del catalizador analizada para los productos C1 (por ejemplo, CO) y C2 (por ejemplo, etileno) durante la electrorreducción de CO2.
- Utilizó la espectroscopia de banda de valencia de superficie para sondear propiedades electrónicas y geométricas.
Principales resultados:
- El CuPd ordenado (1:1 de relación atómica) demostró la mayor selectividad (>80%) para los productos C1.
- Los catalizadores CuPd y Cu3Pd separados por fase mostraron una mayor selectividad (> 60%) para los productos C2 en comparación con otros arreglos.
- La disposición geométrica, no los efectos electrónicos, fue identificada como el factor principal que rige la selectividad.
Conclusiones:
- El ajuste de la disposición geométrica de los catalizadores bimetálicos Cu-Pd permite la producción selectiva de sustancias químicas C1 o C2 a partir del CO2.
- Los átomos de Cu vecinos en las superficies del catalizador promueven la dimerización de los productos intermedios C1 a C2.
- Estos hallazgos proporcionan información para el diseño de superficies catalíticas avanzadas para la electrorreducción eficiente de CO2.
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