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El mutante KRAS mejora la aptitud de las células tumorales mediante la upregulación de los gránulos de estrés
Elda Grabocka1, Dafna Bar-Sagi1
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Cell
|December 17, 2016
Resumen
El KRAS mutante promueve la formación de gránulos de estrés, mejorando la supervivencia de las células cancerosas. Este proceso, impulsado por 15-deoxy-delta 12,14 prostaglandina J2 (15-d-PGJ2), crea un nicho tumoral protector, lo que sugiere nuevas estrategias terapéuticas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- En el campo de la oncología
- Biología molecular
- Respuesta Celular al Estrés
Sus antecedentes:
- Los mecanismos de afrontamiento del estrés en las células tumorales son objetivos terapéuticos potenciales.
- Los gránulos de estrés (SGs) son focos de ARNm y proteínas citoplasmáticas involucrados en la adaptación al estrés.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel de los gránulos de estrés (SG) en las células cancerosas mutantes KRAS.
- Identificar los mecanismos moleculares que regulan la formación de SG y la resistencia al estrés en estas células.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los niveles de SG en las células mutantes KRAS bajo estrés.
- Investigando el papel de la 15-desoxi-delta 12,14 prostaglandina J2 (15-d-PGJ2) en la formación de SG.
- Evaluación del impacto de 15-d-PGJ2 en la resistencia al estrés tanto en las células KRAS mutantes como en las de tipo salvaje.
Principales resultados:
- Las células mutantes KRAS exhiben niveles elevados de SG al estresarse.
- El aumento de la regulación de SG depende de la producción de 15-d-PGJ2.
- La secreción de 15-d-PGJ2 por células KRAS mutantes mejora la formación de SG y la resistencia al estrés en las células KRAS de tipo salvaje vecinas, creando un nicho tumoral resistente.
Conclusiones:
- El KRAS mutante promueve un mecanismo no autónomo de resistencia al estrés a través de la formación de 15-d-PGJ2 y SG.
- Este mecanismo establece un nicho resistente al estrés que abarca diversos subclones de tumores.
- Dirigirse a esta vía podría ser crucial para erradicar las comunidades de células tumorales.
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