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La integración de patrones temporales y espaciales genera diversidad neuronal

Ted Erclik^1,2, Xin Li¹, Maximilien Courgeon¹

¹Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA.

|January 13, 2017

Resumen

Las entradas temporales y espaciales se combinan para crear diversas neuronas en los lóbulos ópticos de Drosophila. Este mecanismo de neurogénesis asegura el número correcto de neuronas y la organización del procesamiento visual.

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Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia
Biología del desarrollo
Óptica de los insectos

Sus antecedentes:

La médula de los lóbulos ópticos de Drosophila tiene 800 columnas retinotópicas para el procesamiento visual.
Existen más de 80 tipos de neuronas, clasificadas como uni-columnar (una por columna) o multi-columnar (múltiples columnas).

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar cómo se genera la diversidad neuronal, la estequiometría y la retinotopía en los lóbulos ópticos de Drosophila.
Para aclarar los roles de los factores temporales y espaciales en la neurogénesis.

Principales métodos:

Análisis del cambio de destino de los neuroblastos con el tiempo.
Examen de la compartimentación neuroepitelial basado en la expresión de los factores.
Seguimiento del desarrollo y la migración de las neuronas uni-columnar y multi-columnar.

Principales resultados:

La diversidad neuronal surge de los neuroblastos que cambian de destino en el tiempo y la compartimentación espacial.
Las neuronas unicolumnares se producen en todos los compartimentos, independientemente de la entrada espacial.
Las neuronas multicolumnares requieren una entrada espacial, se generan en compartimentos restringidos y migran extensamente.

Conclusiones:

Las entradas combinatorias temporales y espaciales son cruciales para generar diversidad neuronal y regular la estequiometría neuronal.
La integración de las entradas espaciales por una cascada de neuroblastos temporales es un mecanismo clave para la formación de retinotopía en los lóbulos ópticos.