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Red neuronal causal de metamemoria para la retrospección en primates

Kentaro Miyamoto¹, Takahiro Osada^1,2, Rieko Setsuie¹

¹Department of Physiology, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|January 14, 2017

Resumen

Este estudio revela distintas áreas del cerebro para monitorear recuerdos recientes y remotos. La inactivación de estas áreas afectó selectivamente a los juicios de confianza de la memoria, no a la memoria en sí misma.

Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia
La neurociencia cognitiva
Neurociencia de la decisión

Sus antecedentes:

La metamemoria, o el autocontrol de los estados de memoria, es crucial para el uso estratégico de la información.
Los mecanismos neuronales subyacentes a la metamemoria, particularmente para los recuerdos temporalmente distintos, siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar los mecanismos neuronales causales de la metamemoria en los primates.
Identificar regiones distintas del cerebro involucradas en juicios metacognitivos para recuerdos recientes versus remotos.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizaron imágenes de resonancia magnética funcional (IRMf) para búsquedas de todo el cerebro en monos macacos.
Se emplearon técnicas de inactivación reversible para evaluar el papel causal de las regiones cerebrales identificadas.

Principales resultados:

Se encontró un correlato neuronal para la metamemoria de eventos remotos en el área prefrontal 9 (9/46d).
Se identificó un área distinta, la región 6, para la metamemoria de eventos recientes.
La inactivación de estas áreas afectó selectivamente los juicios metacognitivos sin afectar el rendimiento del reconocimiento.

Conclusiones:

Existen corrientes de metamemoria paralelas, específicamente supervisando las redes de reconocimiento de recuerdos recientes y remotos.
Estos hallazgos destacan una disociación en la base neuronal de la metamemoria para diferentes escalas de tiempo de memoria.

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