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Elementos de la inmunidad contra el cáncer y el punto de ajuste inmunológico contra el cáncer
1Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.
Nature
|January 20, 2017
Resumen
La inmunoterapia es prometedora para el tratamiento del cáncer, pero las respuestas duraderas son limitadas. Comprender el punto de ajuste inmunológico del cáncer, influenciado por el tumor, el huésped y el entorno, es clave para mejorar los resultados de los pacientes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- En el campo de la oncología
- Inmunología
- Investigación del cáncer
Sus antecedentes:
- La inmunoterapia, en particular el uso de anticuerpos dirigidos a CTLA4 y PD-L1 / PD-1, es un tratamiento eficaz contra el cáncer.
- Las respuestas duraderas a las inmunoterapias actuales se observan solo en un subconjunto de pacientes.
- Es necesaria una comprensión completa de la inmunidad contra el cáncer más allá de los objetivos actuales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar los factores multifacéticos que influyen en la respuesta inmune contra el cáncer.
- Definir perfiles inmunológicos que puedan predecir las respuestas de los pacientes a la inmunoterapia.
- Introducir el concepto de "punto de referencia inmunológico contra el cáncer" como el estado inmunológico inherente de un individuo.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de los estudios clínicos que definen los perfiles inmunológicos predictivos.
- Análisis del ciclo cáncer-inmunidad.
- Integración del tumor, el huésped y los factores ambientales.
Principales resultados:
- La inmunidad contra el cáncer está regida por una compleja interacción de factores tumorales, de huésped y ambientales.
- Estos factores determinan colectivamente la fuerza y el momento de la respuesta anticancerosa.
- Los perfiles inmunes están surgiendo como predictores de la respuesta a la inmunoterapia.
Conclusiones:
- El "punto de ajuste inmunológico del cáncer" encapsula el estado inmunológico general de un individuo con respecto al cáncer.
- Se requiere una perspectiva más amplia sobre la inmunidad contra el cáncer para mejorar la eficacia de la inmunoterapia.
- La identificación y caracterización del punto de ajuste inmunológico del cáncer puede conducir a estrategias de tratamiento más personalizadas.
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