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Examen de detección de apnea obstructiva del sueño en adultos: Declaración de recomendación del grupo de trabajo de
, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo1, David C Grossman2
1University of California, San Francisco.
JAMA
|January 25, 2017
Resumen
La evidencia actual es insuficiente para determinar los beneficios y los daños de la detección de la apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS) en adultos asintomáticos. Se necesita más investigación para evaluar el impacto neto en la salud de la detección de AOS.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina del sueño
- Cardiología preventiva
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- La apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS) afecta a millones, con una prevalencia potencialmente creciente debido a la obesidad.
- La AOS grave está relacionada con problemas de salud significativos, incluidas las enfermedades cardiovasculares, la diabetes y la mortalidad.
- Se están revisando las directrices actuales de detección de AOS en individuos asintomáticos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la evidencia para el cribado de adultos asintomáticos para la apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS).
- Informar una nueva recomendación del Grupo de Trabajo de Servicios Preventivos de los Estados Unidos (USPSTF, por sus siglas en inglés) sobre el cribado de AOS.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión sistemática de la evidencia sobre la precisión, los beneficios y los daños del cribado de la AOS en la atención primaria.
- Evaluación de los beneficios y daños del tratamiento en los resultados de salud de los pacientes con AOS.
Principales resultados:
- Existen pruebas insuficientes con respecto a la precisión y eficacia de la detección de AOS en adultos asintomáticos.
- El USPSTF no pudo determinar los beneficios o daños de la detección de AOS.
- El beneficio o daño neto para la salud del cribado de AOS sigue sin determinarse.
Conclusiones:
- El USPSTF encontró pruebas insuficientes para evaluar los beneficios y daños de la detección de apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS) en adultos asintomáticos.
- Una declaración de "I" indica que no hay pruebas suficientes para una recomendación.
- Se requiere más investigación para establecer el valor de la detección de AOS.
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