Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Mar 8, 2026
06:32
A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions
Published on: August 17, 2016
20.4K
Sistema de transporte de hidrógeno reversible eficiente basado en la reformación de aminas del metanol
Jotheeswari Kothandaraman1, Sayan Kar1, Raktim Sen1
1Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , University Park, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 3, 2017
Resumen
Este estudio presenta un nuevo sistema de almacenamiento de hidrógeno utilizando metanol y diamina. Este método eficiente de una sola olla ofrece una fuente de hidrógeno limpia con alta capacidad de almacenamiento, logrando un ciclo neutro en carbono.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ingeniería Química
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Energía sostenible
Sus antecedentes:
- El desarrollo de soluciones de almacenamiento de hidrógeno eficientes y limpias es fundamental para un futuro energético sostenible.
- Los métodos tradicionales de producción de hidrógeno, como el reformado por vapor, a menudo producen gases de efecto invernadero (CO2) o monóxido de carbono (CO).
- Se necesitan nuevos transportadores químicos para superar las limitaciones de las tecnologías actuales de almacenamiento de hidrógeno.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para demostrar un nuevo y eficiente sistema de almacenamiento de hidrógeno.
- Para utilizar el acoplamiento deshidrogenativo catalítico de metanol y 1,2-diamina para la liberación de hidrógeno.
- Establecer un ciclo de generación de hidrógeno neutro en carbono sin CO2 ni subproductos de CO.
Principales métodos:
- Acoplamiento deshidrogenativo catalítico de metanol con 1,2-diamina para la liberación de hidrógeno.
- Hidrogenación de los productos de la reacción (N-formamida, N,N-diformamida) de nuevo a metanol y amina utilizando el balanceo de la presión del hidrógeno.
- Diseño del sistema de un solo recipiente para el funcionamiento eficiente del portador de hidrógeno.
Principales resultados:
- Se obtienen altos rendimientos tanto para el acoplamiento deshidrogenativo (90%) como para la subsiguiente hidrogenación de amida (>95%).
- Se ha demostrado una capacidad teórica de almacenamiento de hidrógeno de hasta el 6,6% en peso.
- Estableció un proceso de generación de hidrógeno limpio denominado "reforma de aminas de metanol".
Conclusiones:
- Se ha desarrollado con éxito un sistema eficiente de transporte de hidrógeno basado en metanol y diamina.
- El sistema ofrece una fuente de hidrógeno neutral en carbono, atrapando carbono en formamida, eliminando así la necesidad de captura de carbono.
- Este nuevo enfoque representa un avance significativo en el almacenamiento y la utilización de hidrógeno limpio para aplicaciones de energía.
Más Videos Relacionados
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
03:08Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes
11.9K
In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
11.9K
01:38Preparation of Amines: Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones
4.1K
Carbonyl compounds and primary amines undergo reductive amination first to produce imines, followed by secondary amines in the same reaction mixture, using selective reducing agents like sodium cyanoborohydride or sodium triacetoxyborohydride. Reductive amination produces different degrees of substitution of amines depending on the starting amine substrate.
4.1K
02:15Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions
8.0K
Overview
The acid-catalyzed addition of water to the double bond of alkenes is a large-scale industrial method used to synthesize low-molecular-weight alcohols. An acidic atmosphere is required to allow the hydrogen in the water molecule to act as an electrophile and attack the double bond in an alkene. The addition of a proton to the double bond creates a carbocation intermediate. The proton preferentially bonds to the less substituted end of the double bond to create a more stable carbocation...
The acid-catalyzed addition of water to the double bond of alkenes is a large-scale industrial method used to synthesize low-molecular-weight alcohols. An acidic atmosphere is required to allow the hydrogen in the water molecule to act as an electrophile and attack the double bond in an alkene. The addition of a proton to the double bond creates a carbocation intermediate. The proton preferentially bonds to the less substituted end of the double bond to create a more stable carbocation...
8.0K
02:17Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
4.0K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
4.0K
02:36Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration
9.6K
A significant aspect of hydroboration–oxidation is the regio- and stereochemical outcome of the reaction.
Hydroboration proceeds in a concerted fashion with the attack of borane on the π bond, giving a cyclic four-centered transition state. The –BH2 group is bonded to the less substituted carbon and –H to the more substituted carbon. The concerted nature requires the simultaneous addition of –H and –BH2 across the same face of the alkene giving syn stereochemistry.
Hydroboration proceeds in a concerted fashion with the attack of borane on the π bond, giving a cyclic four-centered transition state. The –BH2 group is bonded to the less substituted carbon and –H to the more substituted carbon. The concerted nature requires the simultaneous addition of –H and –BH2 across the same face of the alkene giving syn stereochemistry.
9.6K
02:47Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation
21.7K
Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
21.7K