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Nivel molecular g-C₃N₄ Metales de transición coordinados como una nueva clase de electrocatalisadores para reacciones

Yao Zheng¹, Yan Jiao¹, Yihan Zhu²

¹School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|February 22, 2017

Resumen

Los nuevos catalizadores de nitruro de carbono grafítico (g-C3N4) con metales de transición muestran una alta actividad para las reacciones de reducción y evolución de oxígeno (ORR/OER). Estos materiales de nitruro de metal-carbono (M-C3N4) ofrecen una alternativa prometedora a los catalizadores de metales preciosos en los dispositivos energéticos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias de los materiales
La electroquímica
Catálisis

Sus antecedentes:

Los catalizadores de metales preciosos son cruciales para las reacciones de reducción y evolución de oxígeno (ORR y OER) en la conversión de energía.
El desarrollo de alternativas rentables a los metales preciosos es esencial para el avance de las tecnologías energéticas.
Los complejos de coordinación metal-nitrógeno/carbono (M-N/C) son catalizadores prometedores para los metales no preciosos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Diseñar y desarrollar nuevos catalizadores de metal de transición coordinado de nitruro de carbono (g-C3N4) a nivel molecular.
Evaluar la actividad electrocatalítica de estos materiales M-C3N4 para el ORR y el OER.
Proporcionar orientación para el diseño molecular de los catalizadores M-N/C de próxima generación.

Principales métodos:

Evaluación teórica y modelización computacional.
Síntesis experimental y caracterización de los catalizadores M-C3N4.
Pruebas electroquímicas en medios alcalinos para el rendimiento ORR y OER.

Principales resultados:

Un catalizador de cobalto-C3N4 demostró una actividad electrocatalítica comparable a los valores de referencia de metales preciosos para el ORR y el OER.
La coordinación precisa M-N2 dentro de la matriz g-C3N4 fue identificada como la fuente de alta actividad catalítica.
Se estableció una tendencia en la actividad ORR/OER reversible para varios complejos M-C3N4.

Conclusiones:

Los catalizadores M-C3N4 a nivel molecular representan una nueva generación de electrocatalizadores eficientes para las reacciones de electrodos de oxígeno.
El motivo de coordinación M-N2 en g-C3N4 es clave para lograr una alta actividad ORR/OER reversible.
Este estudio proporciona un marco para el diseño de catalizadores M-N/C avanzados para aplicaciones energéticas.

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