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Producción de hidrógeno a baja temperatura a partir de agua y metanol utilizando catalizadores Pt/α-MoC

Lili Lin¹, Wu Zhou^2,3, Rui Gao^4,5

¹College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

|March 23, 2017

Resumen

Un nuevo catalizador que utiliza platino sobre carburo de molibdeno produce eficientemente hidrógeno a partir de metanol a bajas temperaturas. Este avance promueve soluciones de energía limpia para pilas de combustible al permitir un almacenamiento y transporte de hidrógeno más seguros.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias de los materiales
Catálisis
La electroquímica

Sus antecedentes:

Las pilas de combustible de membrana de electrolito de polímero (PEMFC) ofrecen una alternativa de energía limpia, pero requieren una generación eficiente de hidrógeno.
La producción de hidrógeno en el sitio a partir de combustibles líquidos como el metanol es deseable para el almacenamiento y el transporte seguros.
El reformado de metanol en fase acuosa (APRM) funciona a temperaturas más bajas que los métodos tradicionales, pero requiere catalizadores eficientes.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar un catalizador eficiente para el reformado de metanol en fase acuosa a baja temperatura y sin bases (APRM).
Investigar la actividad catalítica del platino (Pt) dispersado atómicamente en el carburo de α-molibdeno (α-MoC) para la producción de hidrógeno.

Principales métodos:

Síntesis de platino (Pt) dispersado atómicamente en el carburo de α-molibdeno (α-MoC).
Prueba del rendimiento del catalizador en el APRM a baja temperatura (150-190 °C).
Medir las tasas de producción de hidrógeno y las frecuencias de rotación.

Principales resultados:

El catalizador Pt/α-MoC logró una producción eficiente de hidrógeno sin bases a 150-190 °C.
Se registró una frecuencia de rotación media de 18.046 moles de H2 por mol de Pt por hora.
El catalizador superó significativamente a los catalizadores APRM de baja temperatura reportados anteriormente.

Conclusiones:

Pt dispersado atómicamente en α-MoC es un catalizador altamente efectivo para APRM a baja temperatura.
La eficiencia del catalizador se deriva de la capacidad de disociación de agua de α-MoC y la activación sinérgica de Pt-α-MoC del metanol.
Este avance permite la generación práctica de hidrógeno a baja temperatura para aplicaciones PEMFC.

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