Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: May 10, 2026
08:58
Using Caenorhabditis elegans for Studying Trans- and Multi-Generational Effects of Toxicants
Published on: July 29, 2019
7.3K
Transmisión transgeneracional de la información medioambiental en el C. Los elegantes
Adam Klosin1,2, Eduard Casas3, Cristina Hidalgo-Carcedo1,2
1EMBL-CRG Systems Biology Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), European Molecular Biology Organization, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 22, 2017
Resumen
Los cambios ambientales pueden alterar la expresión génica a través de generaciones en el nematodo Caenorhabditis elegans. Los cambios de temperatura inducen cambios hereditarios en la expresión génica que duran más de 14 generaciones, lo que demuestra la memoria epigenética.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La epigenética
- Biología del desarrollo
- La genética
Sus antecedentes:
- Los factores ambientales pueden influir en la expresión génica en las generaciones posteriores.
- El nematodo Caenorhabditis elegans sirve como organismo modelo para el estudio de la herencia transgeneracional.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la duración y los mecanismos de los cambios epigenéticos inducidos por el medio ambiente en Caenorhabditis elegans.
- Determinar si los cambios de expresión génica inducidos por la temperatura pueden heredarse a través de múltiples generaciones.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó Caenorhabditis elegans como organismo modelo.
- Cambios inducidos en la expresión génica mediante cambios de temperatura.
- Los patrones de expresión génica analizados y las modificaciones histónicas (H3K9me3).
- La herencia trazada de cambios de expresión durante al menos 14 generaciones.
Principales resultados:
- Los cambios inducidos por la temperatura en la expresión de la matriz génica heterocromática persistieron durante al menos 14 generaciones.
- La herencia se produjo en cis, tanto a través de ovocitos como de espermatozoides.
- Se observó una trimetilación alterada de la histona H3 lisina 9 (H3K9me3) antes de la transcripción cigótica.
- El perfil de expresión confirmó la expresión heredada inducida por la temperatura de las repeticiones endógenas reprimidas.
Conclusiones:
- La memoria epigenética de larga duración de los cambios ambientales es posible en Caenorhabditis elegans.
- La herencia transgeneracional de la expresión génica inducida por el medio ambiente está mediada por mecanismos epigenéticos.
- Las modificaciones de la histona juegan un papel en el establecimiento de esta memoria epigenética antes de la activación del gen cigótico.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
02:18Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms
Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
02:27Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
02:18Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms
Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
01:20Gene-Environment Interactions
Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
01:29Environmental Influences on Intelligence
Despite the strong genetic influence on traits like intelligence, environmental factors significantly shape outcomes. For example, while over 90% of height variation is due to genetic differences, environmental factors such as nutrition also have a notable impact. Similarly, for intelligence, changes in a child's surroundings can significantly alter their IQ. Research shows that enriched environments boost children's academic success and help them develop key cognitive skills. Children from...
01:30Environmental Applications of Microorganisms
Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...