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Respuesta del femtosegundo de las moléculas poliatómicas a los rayos X duros ultra-intensos

A Rudenko¹, L Inhester^2,3, K Hanasaki^2,3,4

¹J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.

|June 2, 2017

Resumen

Los pulsos de láser de electrones libres de rayos X ultra intensos (XFEL) causan una ionización molecular significativamente mayor de lo esperado. Esto se debe a la transferencia de carga ultrarrápida dentro de las moléculas, lo que lleva a procesos mejorados impulsados por rayos X.

Área de la Ciencia:

Física atómica y molecular
Ciencia ultra rápida
Ciencias de los rayos X

Sus antecedentes:

Los láseres de rayos X de electrones libres (XFEL) sondan la materia en condiciones extremas.
Los rayos X de alta intensidad causan una ionización atómica significativa.
La comprensión actual sugiere que la ionización molecular refleja el comportamiento de los átomos aislados.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar la respuesta del femtosegundo de las moléculas con átomos pesados a los pulsos de rayos X duros ultra intensos.
Determinar si la ionización molecular bajo estas condiciones difiere de la ionización atómica aislada.
Desarrollar modelos precisos para procesos impulsados por rayos X en sistemas complejos.

Principales métodos:

Irradiación experimental de pequeñas moléculas poliatómicas que contienen un átomo pesado con pulsos de rayos X duros (8,3 keV) ultra intensos (10^20 W/cm2).
Modelado computacional detallado de la respuesta molecular.
Análisis de la emisión de electrones y la dinámica de carga.

Principales resultados:

La ionización molecular se mejora significativamente en comparación con los átomos pesados aislados bajo irradiación de rayos X duros ultra intensos.
La transferencia de carga intramolecular ultrarrápida rellena los agujeros del núcleo, permitiendo una mayor ionización de la cáscara interna.
Las moléculas emiten más de 50 electrones durante el pulso de rayos X, lo que indica una vía de ionización dramáticamente diferente.

Conclusiones:

La respuesta de las moléculas a los rayos X duros ultra intensos es cualitativamente diferente de la de los átomos aislados.
La transferencia de carga intramolecular juega un papel crucial en la mejora de la ionización.
Se puede lograr un modelado eficiente de procesos impulsados por rayos X en sistemas complejos a intensidades ultra altas.

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