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Cráteres masivos de soplado formados por la expulsión de metano controlada por hidrato del fondo marino del Ártico
K Andreassen1, A Hubbard2, M Winsborrow2
1Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate (CAGE), Department of Geosciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway. karin.andreassen@uit.no.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 3, 2017
Resumen
Las emisiones masivas de metano por el deshielo de los hidratos de gas del Ártico son motivo de preocupación. Este estudio revela la formación de cráteres generalizados a partir de la desestabilización de hidratos de gas subglaciales después del retroceso de la capa de hielo, con implicaciones para el cambio climático futuro.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de la Tierra
- Ciencias del clima
- Geología marina
Sus antecedentes:
- Los hidratos de gas del Ártico son una fuente potencial de liberación de metano, un potente gas de efecto invernadero.
- Los procesos que impulsan la expulsión de metano de los hidratos de gas subglaciales siguen siendo poco conocidos.
- Los estudios anteriores no han limitado completamente las fuentes y flujos de metano de estos entornos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los mecanismos de liberación de metano a gran escala de los hidratos de gas subglaciales.
- Para documentar pruebas de eventos pasados de expulsión de metano en el Mar de Barents.
- Modelar el secuestro y la liberación de metano de los hidratos de gas durante los ciclos glaciales.
Principales métodos:
- Estudios geofísicos para identificar las características del fondo marino asociadas con la liberación de metano.
- Modelado de la capa de hielo e hidrato de gas para simular la migración y acumulación de metano.
- Análisis de datos geológicos para reconstruir la dinámica glacial y hidrática del pasado.
Principales resultados:
- Identificación de cráteres y montículos de un kilómetro de ancho en el fondo del mar de Barents relacionados con la expulsión de metano.
- El modelado indica la migración de metano de los depósitos de hidrocarburos y el secuestro como hidratos de gas subglaciales durante la glaciación.
- La liberación abrupta de metano y la formación de cráteres ocurrieron al retroceder la capa de hielo debido al gas concentrado en hidrato.
Conclusiones:
- La desestabilización del hidrato de gas subglacial y la liberación de metano son procesos significativos en las provincias petroleras glaciadas.
- Los eventos documentados en el Mar de Barents proporcionan un análogo para la posible liberación futura de metano de las capas de hielo contemporáneas.
- Comprender estos procesos es crucial para evaluar los riesgos del cambio climático asociados con el deshielo de los hidratos de gas del Ártico.
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