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Inmunización de refuerzo contra la difteria y el tétanos: no hay evidencia de necesidad en adultos
Lancet (London, England)
|May 11, 1985
Resumen
No se recomiendan los refuerzos rutinarios de la difteria y el toxoide tétano para adultos. Los datos canadienses no muestran un aumento del riesgo de enfermedad con la edad, lo que hace que los programas de refuerzo para adultos sean innecesarios y costosos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Inmunología Inmunología.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las recomendaciones de inmunización de adultos a menudo se basan en los niveles de anticuerpos, no en la incidencia de la enfermedad.
- Los niveles más bajos de anticuerpos en las poblaciones mayores han llevado a recomendaciones de refuerzo de rutina.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para evaluar la necesidad de las vacunas de refuerzo rutinarias contra la difteria y el toxoide tetánico en adultos.
- Para determinar si las tasas de enfermedades específicas por edad aumentan en los adultos.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos de vigilancia canadienses para la difteria y el tétanos.
- Examen de las tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad específicas por edad para ambas enfermedades.
Principales resultados:
- No se observó un aumento en las tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad por difteria o tétanos específicas por edad en Canadá.
- Los datos de vigilancia canadienses no indican una disminución de la inmunidad dentro de la población adulta.
Conclusiones:
- Las dosis de refuerzo rutinarias de adultos de difteria y toxoides del tétanos no están justificadas por la evidencia actual.
- Los beneficios de los programas de refuerzo para adultos no superan los riesgos y costos asociados.
- La vigilancia continua de la enfermedad es esencial para identificar cualquier necesidad futura de programas de inmunización de adultos.
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