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La composición genética microbiana ajusta la longevidad del huésped

Bing Han1, Priya Sivaramakrishnan2, Chih-Chun J Lin1

  • 1Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Cell
|June 17, 2017
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores identificaron 29 deleciones genéticas de Escherichia coli que extienden la vida útil en C. elegans. Cinco mutantes promueven la longevidad mediante el aumento de la secreción de ácido colánico (CA), que beneficia a las mitocondrias del huésped y promueve el envejecimiento saludable.

Palabras clave:
Ácido colánicola longevidadInteracción entre la microbiota y el huéspedDinámica de las mitocondriasRespuesta de las proteínas desplegadas mitocondrialesProbióticos

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Microbiología
  • Investigación sobre el envejecimiento
  • La genética

Sus antecedentes:

  • La homeostasis de la microbiota intestinal es crucial para la salud y el envejecimiento del huésped.
  • Los probióticos genéticamente modificados ofrecen una estrategia terapéutica para un envejecimiento saludable.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para identificar genes bacterianos que, cuando se eliminan, promueven la longevidad del huésped.
  • Para aclarar los mecanismos por los que estos mutantes bacterianos mejoran la vida útil del huésped.

Principales métodos:

  • Se examinaron 3.983 mutantes de Escherichia coli en busca de efectos sobre la longevidad del huésped en Caenorhabditis elegans.
  • Investigó los mecanismos moleculares, incluida la secreción de metabolitos y las respuestas celulares del huésped.

Principales resultados:

  • Descubrió 29 deleciones de genes bacterianos que aumentan significativamente la longevidad del huésped.
  • Se identificaron cinco mutantes que promueven la longevidad a través del aumento de la secreción de ácido colánico (CA).
  • Se demostró que la CA regula la dinámica mitocondrial del huésped y la respuesta proteica desplegada (UPRmt), conservada en todas las especies.

Conclusiones:

  • Los metabolitos bacterianos como el CA pueden influir directamente en la función mitocondrial del huésped y promover la longevidad.
  • Se han identificado objetivos bacterianos específicos para el desarrollo de probióticos que favorezcan la longevidad.
  • Se estableció un vínculo entre los microbios intestinales, la CA y la salud mitocondrial del huésped durante el envejecimiento.