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Reprogramación alélica de la arquitectura de la cromatina 3D durante el desarrollo temprano de los mamíferos
Zhenhai Du1, Hui Zheng1, Bo Huang2
1Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Nature
|July 14, 2017
Resumen
Después de la fertilización, la estructura de la cromatina de los mamíferos está inicialmente relajada y desorganizada. Su compleja organización tridimensional, incluidos los dominios topológicamente asociados (TAD), se reconstruye gradualmente a lo largo del desarrollo embrionario temprano.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología del desarrollo
- La genómica
- La epigenética
Sus antecedentes:
- La cromatina de los mamíferos sufre una reorganización significativa después de la fecundación.
- La estructura tridimensional precisa de la cromatina durante el desarrollo temprano no se entiende bien.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la reprogramación de la organización de la cromatina en embriones de ratón preimplantados.
- Caracterizar el establecimiento de la estructura de cromatina de orden superior después de la fertilización.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrollo de una técnica Hi-C de baja entrada (captura de conformación cromosómica en todo el genoma).
- Análisis del plegamiento de la cromatina, TAD y compartimentos en ovocitos y embriones tempranos.
Principales resultados:
- Los ovocitos de metafase II tienen cromatina homogénea que carece de TAD y compartimentos.
- La estructura de la cromatina se relaja significativamente inmediatamente después de la fertilización.
- El establecimiento de TAD y compartimentos es un proceso lento durante el desarrollo preimplantacional.
- Los cromosomas parentales permanecen separados espacialmente con compartimentos distintos hasta la etapa de 8 células.
- La compactación de la cromatina puede ocurrir independientemente de la transcripción cigótica.
Conclusiones:
- Los huevos de mamíferos fecundados tienen un estado de cromatina relajado.
- La arquitectura de la cromatina de orden superior madura progresivamente durante el desarrollo embrionario temprano.
- La separación y compartimentación de alelos son características del desarrollo temprano de los mamíferos.
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