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Evidencia sísmica de fusión parcial en la raíz de las principales columnas de puntos calientes

Kaiqing Yuan¹, Barbara Romanowicz^2,3,4

¹Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|July 29, 2017

Resumen

Las zonas de velocidad ultra baja en la base del manto pueden ser causadas por la fusión parcial. Este estudio ilumina la raíz del penacho de Islandia, revelando una zona de velocidad ultrabaja asimétrica.

Área de la Ciencia:

La geofísica
Sismología
Ciencias de la Tierra

Sus antecedentes:

Las zonas de velocidad ultra baja (ULVZ) son regiones detectables sísmicamente con propiedades materiales extremas en la base del manto de la Tierra.
Su naturaleza precisa y su contribución a la dinámica del manto siguen siendo poco conocidas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar la estructura y las características de las ULVZ en la base del manto de la Tierra.
Para iluminar la raíz del penacho de Islandia usando análisis de ondas sísmicas.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizaron ondas de corte difractadas en el límite entre el núcleo y el manto para sondear la raíz del penacho de Islandia desde múltiples direcciones.
Modelado de forma de onda empleado para analizar datos sísmicos y restringir las propiedades ULVZ.

Principales resultados:

Detectamos una importante zona de velocidad ultra baja debajo del penacho de Islandia.
Restringido la forma de la ULVZ, encontrando que es en gran medida asimétrica.
Se atribuye la ULVZ a la fusión parcial de una capa más gruesa, caliente y densa.

Conclusiones:

El ULVZ detectado es probablemente el resultado de la dinámica de la raíz de la pluma y las temperaturas elevadas.
Tales ULVZ pueden ser características de las raíces de las plumas de manto ancho dentro de las grandes provincias de bajo manto de baja velocidad de corte.

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