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Un atlas de patología del transcriptoma del cáncer humano
Mathias Uhlen1,2,3, Cheng Zhang4, Sunjae Lee4
1Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden. mathias.uhlen@scilifelab.se.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 19, 2017
Resumen
La progresión del cáncer está relacionada con cambios en la expresión génica. La supervivencia más corta se correlaciona con el aumento de los genes de crecimiento celular y la disminución de los genes de diferenciación, enfatizando las necesidades de medicina personalizada.
Área de la Ciencia:
- En el campo de la oncología
- La genómica
- Biología de sistemas
Sus antecedentes:
- El cáncer sigue siendo una de las principales causas de mortalidad a nivel mundial.
- Comprender los mecanismos moleculares específicos del tumor es crucial para un tratamiento eficaz.
- El análisis a nivel de sistemas ofrece información sobre procesos biológicos complejos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la relación entre la expresión génica de todo el genoma y los resultados clínicos en 17 tipos principales de cáncer.
- Para identificar patrones moleculares asociados con la supervivencia del paciente.
- Explorar la heterogeneidad metabólica en el cáncer para la medicina personalizada.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis del transcriptoma de todo el genoma de los genes codificadores de proteínas.
- Análisis de correlación entre la expresión génica y la supervivencia del paciente.
- Construcción y análisis de modelos metabólicos a escala genómica.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó un patrón consistente: supervivencia más corta de los pacientes asociada con genes de crecimiento celular regulados al alza y genes de diferenciación regulados a la baja.
- Se identificó una heterogeneidad metabólica significativa entre los pacientes con cáncer.
- Desarrollo de una base de datos interactiva de acceso abierto para explorar el impacto de las proteínas en los resultados clínicos.
Conclusiones:
- Los patrones de expresión génica relacionados con el crecimiento y la diferenciación celular son determinantes críticos de la supervivencia de los pacientes con cáncer.
- La heterogeneidad metabólica subraya la necesidad de terapias personalizadas contra el cáncer.
- La base de datos Protein Atlas proporciona un recurso valioso para los investigadores que estudian la patología del cáncer y los resultados clínicos.
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