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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers01:00

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Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
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Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
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Copolímeros supramoleculares de varios bloques con estructuras secundarias complejas

Elizabeth Elacqua1, Kylie B Manning1, Diane S Lye1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University , New York, New York 10003, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 24, 2017
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Este estudio crea nuevos polímeros sintéticos que imitan las estructuras de proteínas mediante ensamblaje ortogonal. Estos materiales avanzados permiten la ingeniería precisa de arquitecturas de polímeros complejos con diversas estructuras secundarias.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Química de los polímeros
  • Química supramolecular
  • Ciencias de los materiales

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las proteínas utilizan diversas estructuras secundarias (por ejemplo, hélices α, hojas β) para la función.
  • Los polímeros sintéticos generalmente carecen de tales estructuras secundarias complejas y definidas.
  • La imitación de estructuras secundarias de proteínas en materiales sintéticos es un desafío clave.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Diseñar copolímeros de bloque supramolecular de cadena principal con estructuras secundarias definidas.
  • Desarrollar imitaciones sintéticas de las arquitecturas de proteínas α/β y α+β.
  • Utilizar estrategias de autoensamblaje ortogonales para la construcción precisa de polímeros.

Principales métodos:

  • Polímerización iterativa de metástasis cruzada-anillo-apertura de metástasis (CM-ROMP) para poli (p) fenilenovileno heterotelecélico (PPV).
  • Autoensamblaje ortogonal a través de la coordinación del metal y la unión de hidrógeno.
  • El ensamblaje supramolecular de PPV con polímeros helicoidales y formadores de bobinas (por ejemplo, poli (norborneno)).

Principales resultados:

  • Síntesis exitosa de estructuras de hoja π paralelas y antiparalelas utilizando PPV.
  • Se ha demostrado una asociación de alta fidelidad con motivos de polímero helicoidales y en espiral.
  • Se han logrado los ensamblajes de bobina de hélice y hoja sin comprometer la helicidad.
  • Realizó imitaciones sintéticas inspiradas en la naturaleza de las estructuras secundarias de proteínas.

Conclusiones:

  • El ensamblaje ortogonal de la cadena principal permite la ingeniería de andamios de copolímero de varios bloques con diversas estructuras secundarias.
  • Este enfoque permite el diseño de novo de materiales sintéticos que imitan las arquitecturas de las proteínas.
  • La estrategia desarrollada ofrece una vía para crear materiales funcionales avanzados con complejidad similar a la de las proteínas.