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Refrigeración electrocalórica de alta eficiencia con accionamiento electrostático

Rujun Ma¹, Ziyang Zhang¹, Kwing Tong¹

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|September 16, 2017

Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron un dispositivo de refrigeración de estado sólido eficiente utilizando polímeros electrocalóricos (EC). Esta tecnología compacta y conforme a la superficie logra una alta potencia de refrigeración y un coeficiente de rendimiento (COP) para aplicaciones prácticas.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias de los materiales
La termodinámica
Física del estado sólido

Sus antecedentes:

Los sistemas de refrigeración tradicionales se enfrentan a limitaciones en cuanto a eficiencia y alcance de aplicación.
La refrigeración en estado sólido ofrece ventajas potenciales, pero a menudo carece de una alta potencia de refrigeración específica y un coeficiente de rendimiento (COP).
Las tecnologías de refrigeración de estado sólido existentes que se ajustan a la superficie a menudo son menos eficientes y compactas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar un nuevo dispositivo de refrigeración en estado sólido con alta eficiencia termodinámica intrínseca.
Para crear una solución de refrigeración compacta y conforme a la superficie.
Para lograr una alta potencia específica de refrigeración y un coeficiente de rendimiento (COP).

Principales métodos:

Se utilizó una película de polímero electrocalórico (EC) flexible.
Implementado un mecanismo de accionamiento electrostático para fuerzas electrostáticas reversibles.
Se garantiza una transferencia de calor eficiente mediante buenos contactos térmicos.

Principales resultados:

El dispositivo EC alcanzó una potencia de refrigeración específica de 2,8 vatios por gramo.
Se registró un coeficiente de rendimiento (COP) de 13.
El dispositivo demostró una alta eficiencia termodinámica intrínseca.

Conclusiones:

El dispositivo de refrigeración EC desarrollado es más eficiente y compacto que las tecnologías de refrigeración de estado sólido conformables a la superficie existentes.
La tecnología ofrece un camino prometedor para aplicaciones prácticas que requieren un enfriamiento de superficie eficiente y directo.
Este avance aborda las limitaciones clave en la refrigeración de estado sólido actual.

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