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Modificación del ADN epigenético N6 Causa la pausa transcripcional de la ARN polimerasa II específica del sitio
1Department of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 22, 2017
Resumen
La N6-metiladenina (N6-mA) en el ADN hace que la ARN polimerasa II (pol II) se detenga durante la transcripción. Esta marca epigenética desestabiliza el emparejamiento de bases, reduciendo la eficiencia de la incorporación de ARN y promoviendo el retroceso del ADN.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La epigenética
- Biología molecular
- La genómica
Sus antecedentes:
- La N6-metiladenina (N6-mA) es una modificación epigenética del ADN en los eucariotas.
- A diferencia de la 5-metilcitosina, las funciones funcionales de N6-mA en la regulación génica no se comprenden bien.
- Se desconoce el impacto de N6-mA en el alargamiento de la transcripción de la ARN polimerasa II (pol II).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el mecanismo molecular del reconocimiento y procesamiento del pol II de los sitios N6-mA.
- Determinar cómo afecta el N6-mA a la dinámica de elongación de la transcripción del pol II.
- Proporcionar información sobre las consecuencias funcionales del N6-mA en los genomas eucariotas.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó el sistema de alargamiento transcripcional de Saccharomyces cerevisiae pol II.
- Se emplearon enfoques bioquímicos para estudiar las interacciones del pol II-N6-mA.
- Se realizaron análisis estructurales para dilucidar el mecanismo a nivel molecular.
Principales resultados:
- El N6-mA induce la pausa y el estancamiento específicos del sitio del pol II.
- El análisis estructural muestra que N6-mA puede ocupar la posición de plantilla +1, pero compromete la estabilidad del emparejamiento de bases con UTP.
- El grupo 6-metilo en la adenina reduce la eficiencia de la incorporación de ARN y promueve la translocación de retroceso.
Conclusiones:
- N6-mA actúa como una señal para la pausa del pol II durante el alargamiento de la transcripción.
- La modificación epigenética afecta la incorporación de nucleótidos y la translocación de la plantilla de ADN por pol II.
- Estos hallazgos ofrecen información molecular sobre los roles funcionales de N6-mA en la transcripción eucariota.
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