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Hepatitis no A, no B transmitida por el agua
V Ramalingaswami1, R H Purcell
1Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Lancet (London, England)
|March 12, 1988
Resumen
Los brotes de hepatitis no A, no B (NANB) transmitidos por el agua afectan principalmente a adultos jóvenes. Las mujeres embarazadas se enfrentan a riesgos graves, incluida la insuficiencia hepática fatal, lo que pone de relieve la necesidad de agua limpia e higiene para la prevención de la hepatitis.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Hepatología Hepatología.
- Enfermedades infecciosas Enfermedades infecciosas.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- La hepatitis no A, no B (NANB) transmitida por el agua causa brotes, particularmente en adultos jóvenes.
- La enfermedad es generalmente leve, pero las mujeres embarazadas tienen una alta tasa de mortalidad debido a la insuficiencia hepática fulminante.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Describir la epidemiología, el diagnóstico y el control de la hepatitis no A, no B transmitida por el agua.
- Para resaltar la gravedad en las mujeres embarazadas y la distribución geográfica.
Principales métodos:
- El diagnóstico se basa en los vínculos epidemiológicos con el agua contaminada y excluyendo la hepatitis A y B.
- La biopsia hepática muestra características características histológicas.
- La detección implica la identificación de partículas parecidas a virus en las heces agregadas por los anticuerpos del paciente.
Principales resultados:
- NANB prevalece en el sudeste asiático y la India, con un reconocimiento emergente en África y América Latina.
- Los brotes muestran una predilección por los adultos jóvenes.
- La insuficiencia hepática fulminante y las altas tasas de mortalidad se observan en mujeres embarazadas.
Conclusiones:
- Las estrategias de control incluyen la mejora del suministro de agua, el saneamiento y la higiene personal / alimentaria.
- La inmunización pasiva con inmunoglobulina puede ofrecer protección a las poblaciones vulnerables.
- El diagnóstico y la intervención temprana son cruciales para el manejo de los brotes de NANB.
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