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Gateo de la recompensa social por oxitocina en el área tegmental ventral

Lin W Hung^1,2, Sophie Neuner¹, Jai S Polepalli¹

¹Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 1, 2017

Resumen

La liberación de oxitocina en el centro de recompensa del cerebro es esencial para la recompensa social y los comportamientos prosociales. Este estudio revela cómo la oxitocina influye directamente en las neuronas de la dopamina para hacer que las interacciones sociales sean gratificantes.

Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia
Comportamiento social
Neuroendocrinología

Sus antecedentes:

Las interacciones sociales son cruciales para los comportamientos prosociales.
El circuito de recompensa del cerebro juega un papel clave en la mediación de estos comportamientos.
La oxitocina (OXT) está implicada en el vínculo social y la recompensa.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el papel de la liberación de oxitocina (OXT) en el área tegmental ventral (VTA) en la recompensa social.
Para aclarar los mecanismos neuronales por los cuales OXT influye en los comportamientos prosociales.

Principales métodos:

Se midió la actividad de las neuronas OXT en el núcleo paraventricular (PNV) durante las interacciones sociales.
Utilizó optogenética para activar o inhibir las neuronas PVN OXT y sus terminales VTA.
Evaluó el impacto en los comportamientos prosociales y la interacción social.
Se ha registrado la actividad neuronal de la dopamina (DA) en el VTA.

Principales resultados:

La actividad de las neuronas PVN OXT aumentó durante las interacciones sociales.
La activación de las neuronas PVN OXT o sus terminales VTA mejoró los comportamientos prosociales.
La inhibición de los terminales PVN OXT en el VTA redujo las interacciones sociales.
OXT aumentó el impulso excitatorio en las neuronas VTA DA.

Conclusiones:

La liberación de oxitocina en el VTA es necesaria para la recompensa social.
OXT promueve el comportamiento prosocial afectando directamente a las neuronas VTA DA.
Esto proporciona una visión mecanicista de la naturaleza gratificante de las interacciones sociales.

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