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Las curvas de luz de la fusión de estrellas de neutrones GW170817/SSS17a: Implicaciones para la nucleosíntesis del

M R Drout¹, A L Piro², B J Shappee^2,3

¹The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA. mdrout@carnegiescience.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 18, 2017

Resumen

Las fusiones de estrellas de neutrones binarias, como GW170817, crean elementos pesados. La luz óptica observada de GW170817 demuestra que estos eventos cósmicos son cruciales para la captura rápida de neutrones (proceso r) de la nucleosíntesis.

Área de la Ciencia:

Astronomía y astrofísica
La astrofísica nuclear

Sus antecedentes:

Las ondas gravitacionales (GW) de una fusión de estrellas de neutrones binarias (GW170817) se detectaron el 17 de agosto de 2017.
Un breve estallido de rayos gamma (GRB 170817A) y un transitorio óptico (SSS17a) fueron observados coincidiendo con el evento GW.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para analizar las curvas de luz ultravioleta, óptica e infrarroja del transitorio óptico SSS17a.
Para entender el transitorio radioactivo alimentado por neutrón rico eyectado de la fusión.
Para determinar la contribución de las fusiones de estrellas de neutrones a la síntesis de elementos pesados.

Principales métodos:

Observación y análisis de las curvas de luz de SSS17a desde las 10,9 horas hasta los 18 días posteriores a la fusión.
Modelado de la desintegración radiactiva del material expulsado.
Restringir la abundancia de lantánidos en el eyecto.

Principales resultados:

Las curvas de luz mostraron un rápido aumento, decaimiento y rápida evolución del color, consistente con múltiples componentes eyectados.
La presencia de lantánidos se infería de las características de la curva de luz.
Al menos 0,05 masas solares de elementos pesados fueron producidos por SSS17a.

Conclusiones:

Las fusiones de estrellas de neutrones son sitios importantes para la producción de elementos pesados.
El evento observado GW170817 confirmó el papel de las fusiones de estrellas de neutrones en la nucleosíntesis de captura rápida de neutrones (proceso r).
El estudio proporciona evidencia observacional para la síntesis de elementos pesados en estos eventos cósmicos.

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