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Colimitación de nutrientes en el límite de un giro oceánico

Thomas J Browning¹, Eric P Achterberg¹, Insa Rapp¹

¹Marine Biogeochemistry Division, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel 24148, Germany.

|November 2, 2017

Resumen

La producción primaria del océano a menudo está limitada por el nitrógeno y el hierro. Los experimentos muestran que la adición de ambos aumenta significativamente el crecimiento del fitoplancton, con otros nutrientes que también juegan un papel.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biología marina
La oceanografía
Biogeoquímica

Sus antecedentes:

La limitación de nutrientes controla críticamente la producción primaria oceánica, afectando las redes alimentarias marinas y el ciclo del carbono.
Los giros subtropicales oligotrópicos representan transiciones extremas de productividad, sin embargo, la limitación de nutrientes en estas áreas se entiende mal.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar la limitación de nutrientes en el límite oriental del giro del Atlántico Sur.
Determinar los efectos del nitrógeno, el hierro y otros micronutrientes en el crecimiento del fitoplancton.

Principales métodos:

Se han llevado a cabo experimentos de modificación de nutrientes con factor total en el giro del Atlántico Sur.
Se han medido las concentraciones de clorofila a y la composición de la comunidad fitoplanctónica.

Principales resultados:

La adición individual de nitrógeno o hierro no estimuló significativamente el crecimiento del fitoplancton.
La co-adición de nitrógeno y hierro aumentó las concentraciones de clorofila a hasta 40 veces, promoviendo el crecimiento de las diatomeas y reduciendo la diversidad.
El cobalto o la vitamina B12 aumentaron aún más el rendimiento de clorofila a tres veces después de que se alivió la limitación de nitrógeno y hierro.

Conclusiones:

La colimitación nitrógeno-hierro está muy extendida en las regiones oceánicas.
Las limitaciones de múltiples nutrientes, incluidos los micronutrientes como el cobalto, son frecuentes e influyen en la estructura y diversidad de la comunidad de fitoplancton.

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