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Un mamífero euharámico deslizante con un oído de cinco huesos auditivos
Gang Han1,2, Fangyuan Mao3, Shundong Bi4
1Paleontology Center, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121013, China.
Nature
|November 14, 2017
Resumen
Una especie de mamífero jurásico recientemente descubierta revela evidencia de locomoción deslizante y el oído medio de mamífero definitivo más antiguo. Este hallazgo sugiere que el deslizamiento era común en los euharamiyidans y apunta a una radiación adaptativa significativa de los mamíferos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleontología
- Mamalogía
- Biología evolutiva
Sus antecedentes:
- La locomoción deslizante es rara en los mamíferos del Mesozoico, con solo tres especies conocidas que exhiben este rasgo.
- Los mamíferos Euharamiyidan representan una rama temprana del árbol evolutivo de los mamíferos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para describir una nueva especie de mamíferos deslizantes del Jurásico.
- Investigar la historia evolutiva de la locomoción y las estructuras auditivas de los mamíferos.
Principales métodos:
- Descubrimiento de fósiles y análisis morfológico detallado de estructuras esqueléticas e integumentarias.
- Anatomía comparativa del aparato auditivo con mamíferos existentes y extintos.
Principales resultados:
- Identificación de un nuevo mamífero euharamiyidan del Jurásico con una membrana deslizante con estructuras de pelo similares a los planeadores modernos.
- Descubrimiento de una oreja media de mamífero de cinco huesos, incluido el nuevo hueso surangular, que data del período jurásico.
- La morfología ósea auditiva en esta especie es distinta de otros mamíferos conocidos.
Conclusiones:
- Es probable que la locomoción deslizante estuviera muy extendida entre los euharamiyidans.
- Este descubrimiento apoya un importante evento de radiación adaptativa para los mamíferos en el Jurásico medio.
- La evolución del oído medio euharamiyidan, vinculada a la formación de la articulación de la mandíbula, ocurrió independientemente de otros linajes de mamíferos.
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