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Una breve visita de un rojo y extremadamente alargado asteroide interestelar
Karen J Meech1, Robert Weryk1, Marco Micheli2,3
1Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
Nature
|November 22, 2017
Resumen
El primer objeto interestelar detectado,
Área de la Ciencia:
- Astronomía y astrofísica
- Ciencias planetarias
Sus antecedentes:
- Los modelos de formación del Sistema Solar predicen la eyección de planetesimales hacia el espacio interestelar.
- Las búsquedas anteriores no han detectado objetos interestelares, a pesar de las densidades numéricas previstas.
- No existía ningún método para comparar los materiales del Sistema Solar con los de otros sistemas planetarios.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Confirmar el origen extrasolar del objeto 1I/2017 U1 ("Oumuamua").
- Para permitir el análisis comparativo de materiales de diferentes sistemas planetarios.
- Para evaluar la abundancia y características de los objetos interestelares.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de la trayectoria para determinar el origen extrasolar.
- Mediciones espectroscópicas de la composición de la superficie.
- Observaciones de la curva de luz para determinar la forma y el tamaño.
Principales resultados:
- Se ha confirmado la trayectoria de 'Oumuamua como extrasolar.
- 'Oumuamua exhibió características de asteroide sin actividad cometaria.
- Superficie de color rojo espectral, forma extremadamente alargada (relación longitud/ancho 10:1) y radio estimado de 102 m.
- Las dimensiones del objeto no tienen precedentes entre los objetos conocidos del Sistema Solar.
Conclusiones:
- La detección de 'Oumuamua confirma la existencia de objetos interestelares.
- Las estimaciones anteriores de la densidad del número de objetos interestelares pueden subestimarse.
- 'Oumuamua ofrece una oportunidad única para estudiar materiales de otro sistema planetario.
- Los estudios futuros con instrumentos mejorados probablemente detectarán más objetos interestelares.
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