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Relaciones estructura-propiedad de las firmas universales de plasticidad en sólidos desordenados
E D Cubuk1, R J S Ivancic2, S S Schoenholz1,2
1Google Brain, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 25, 2017
Resumen
Los sólidos desordenados exhiben flujo plástico a través de reordenamientos de partículas. Una métrica de "suavidad" derivada del aprendizaje automático predice estos eventos, revelando leyes de escala universal a través de materiales desde átomos hasta granos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- La física
- Ciencias computacionales
Sus antecedentes:
- Los sólidos cristalinos se deforman plásticamente a través de reordenamientos de partículas alrededor de los defectos.
- Los sólidos desordenados también exhiben flujo plástico, pero los impulsores estructurales subyacentes son menos comprendidos.
- Comprender la plasticidad en materiales desordenados es crucial para predecir su comportamiento mecánico.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para vincular la estructura microscópica con la plasticidad macroscópica en sólidos desordenados.
- Identificar una cantidad estructural predictiva para los reordenamientos de partículas.
- Investigar la universalidad de estas relaciones a través de diferentes escalas materiales.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó el aprendizaje automático para diseñar una cantidad estructural microscópica llamada "suavidad".
- Realizó experimentos y cálculos para medir la suavidad y la plasticidad.
- Se analizaron las correlaciones espaciales y la respuesta a la deformación de la suavidad, el tamaño del reordenamiento y la deformación del rendimiento.
Principales resultados:
- La suavidad se identificó como un predictor clave de las reorganizaciones de partículas en sólidos desordenados.
- Los resultados experimentales y computacionales mostraron leyes de escala común para la suavidad y la plasticidad.
- Estas similitudes universales se observaron en una amplia gama de tamaños de materiales y módulos elásticos.
Conclusiones:
- La suavidad vincula con éxito la estructura a la plasticidad en sólidos desordenados.
- El estudio revela relaciones universales entre las propiedades estructurales y la deformación plástica.
- Los hallazgos proporcionan un marco unificado para comprender el flujo en diversos materiales desordenados.
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