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Bases estructurales para la biosíntesis del metilfosfonato

David A Born1,2, Emily C Ulrich3,4, Kou-San Ju4,5,6

  • 1Graduate Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 9, 2017
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La metilfosfonata sintasa (MPnS) produce metilfosfonato, un precursor clave del metano en el océano. Los investigadores aclararon su estructura e identificaron residuos clave para la síntesis de metilfosfonato, revelando su presencia generalizada en microbios marinos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La bioquímica
  • Microbiología ambiental
  • Biología estructural

Sus antecedentes:

  • El metilfosfonato es un precursor metabólico crucial del metano en los entornos marinos.
  • Comprender las enzimas involucradas en el metabolismo del metilfosfonato es vital para el ciclo biogeoquímico marino.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Determinar la estructura de alta resolución de la metilfosfonato sintasa (MPnS).
  • Identificar los determinantes moleculares para la síntesis del metilfosfonato.
  • Investigar la prevalencia del MPnS en los ecosistemas marinos.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizó la cristalografía de rayos X para determinar la estructura de resolución de 2,35 angstroms de MPnS.
  • Se emplearon análisis estructurales y mutagenesis dirigida al sitio para comprender la función de la enzima.
  • Se llevó a cabo un análisis bioinformático de microbiomas marinos para identificar secuencias putativas de MPnS.

Principales resultados:

  • La estructura de MPnS reveló una inusual tríada de coordinación de hierro 2-histidina-1-glutamina.
  • La hidroxietilfosfonato dioxigenasa (HEPD) de *Streptomyces albus* comparte este motivo y puede convertirse en MPnS a través de la mutación.
  • Se identificaron enzimas putativas de MPnS en diversos microbiomas marinos, incluido en *Pelagibacter ubique*.

Conclusiones:

  • El motivo 2-histidina-1-glutamina es crítico para la síntesis de metilfosfonato.
  • El MPnS está muy extendido en los ambientes marinos, apoyando el papel del metilfosfonato como fuente de metano.
  • Los microbios marinos utilizan el metilfosfonato como fuente de fósforo en condiciones limitadas de fósforo.