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La Ruta de la Seda de China y la salud mundial
Kun Tang1, Zhihui Li2, Wenkai Li3
1Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Lancet (London, England)
|December 13, 2017
Resumen
El compromiso de salud global de China se está expandiendo a través de su Iniciativa de la Franja y la Ruta y su respuesta al Ébola. Estos esfuerzos, junto con el aumento de la ayuda al desarrollo de la salud y los nuevos fondos de inversión, están remodelando la arquitectura mundial de la salud.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud global
- Las relaciones internacionales
- Economía del desarrollo
Sus antecedentes:
- La Iniciativa de la Franja y la Ruta (BRI) de China, lanzada en 2013, tiene como objetivo fomentar el comercio internacional y el desarrollo de infraestructuras.
- China ha aumentado significativamente su asistencia al desarrollo en el extranjero (AOD), con un enfoque notable en el apoyo al sector de la salud en Asia y África.
- Simultáneamente, China dirigió una intervención sustancial durante el brote del virus del Ébola en África Occidental.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar la interconexión de la Iniciativa de la Franja y la Ruta de China, su respuesta al Ébola, la AOD en salud y las instituciones financieras emergentes.
- Comprender cómo estas iniciativas influyen colectivamente en el panorama de la salud mundial.
- Examinar el papel en evolución de China en la gobernanza de la salud mundial.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las tendencias de la AOD de China y de las inversiones en el sector de la salud.
- Revisión del alcance y el impacto de la BRI en los componentes de salud.
- Evaluación de la respuesta de China a la crisis del Ébola y el desarrollo de la infraestructura sanitaria asociada.
- Examen de los nuevos fondos y bancos multilaterales de China en relación con el BRI.
Principales resultados:
- La AOD de salud de China se canaliza cada vez más hacia infraestructuras y suministros médicos para África y Asia.
- La Iniciativa de la Franja y la Ruta, la respuesta al Ébola, la ayuda sanitaria y los nuevos fondos de inversión demuestran características complementarias y de refuerzo.
- China está estableciendo sus propias instituciones financieras, alterando potencialmente la arquitectura de salud global existente.
Conclusiones:
- El compromiso global multifacético de China, incluida la Iniciativa de la Franja y la Iniciativa de Salud, está moldeando poderosamente el futuro de la salud mundial.
- Estas iniciativas representan un enfoque estratégico y coordinado de la cooperación e influencia internacionales.
- Las acciones de China indican un cambio significativo en la gobernanza de la salud mundial y la asignación de recursos.
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