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Using electric appliances for a longer period of time consumes more electrical energy and results in a higher electric bill. The energy produced by the transfer of electrons from one point to another is known as electrical energy. If power is delivered at a constant rate, the electrical energy can be defined as the product of power used by the device for a period of time. The energy unit on electric bills is the kilowatt-hour, where one kilowatt-hour is equivalent to 3.6 × 106 joules.
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The fact that emfs are induced in circuits implies that work is being done on the conduction electrons in the wires. What can possibly be the source of this work? We know that it’s neither a battery nor a magnetic field, as a battery does not have to be present in a circuit where current is induced, and magnetic fields never do any work on moving charges. The source of the work is in fact an electric field that is induced in the wires. For example, if a stationary conductor is placed in a...
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Una fuente de energía suave inspirada en la anguila eléctrica a partir de hidrogeles apilados

Thomas B H Schroeder1,2, Anirvan Guha2, Aaron Lamoureux3

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Nature
|December 15, 2017
PubMed
Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron una fuente de energía flexible y biocompatible inspirada en las anguilas eléctricas. Este órgano eléctrico artificial utiliza membranas de hidrogel para generar electricidad, potencialmente alimentando implantes médicos como marcapasos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ingeniería biomédica
  • Ciencias de los materiales
  • Biotecnología

Sus antecedentes:

  • La integración de la tecnología en los organismos vivos requiere nuevas fuentes de energía que sean biocompatibles, flexibles y aprovechen la energía biológica.
  • Las baterías convencionales carecen de la flexibilidad y biocompatibilidad necesarias para una integración perfecta con los sistemas biológicos.
  • El órgano eléctrico de la anguila eléctrica proporciona un modelo biológico para una eficiente generación de energía in vivo.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar una nueva fuente de energía eléctrica biocompatible y flexible inspirada en la anguila eléctrica.
  • Explorar el potencial de los sistemas basados en hidrogel para la generación de energía en entornos biológicos.
  • Crear un concepto de energía escalable para dispositivos electrónicos implantables de próxima generación.

Principales métodos:

  • Diseñó un órgano eléctrico artificial utilizando compartimentos de hidrogel de poliacrilamida en miniatura.
  • Se utilizan secuencias repetitivas de membranas de hidrogel selectivas de cationes y aniones para crear gradientes iónicos.
  • Se utiliza una geometría escalable de apilamiento o plegado para la activación mecánica por contacto de miles de compartimentos de gel.

Principales resultados:

  • Generó 110 voltios en circuito abierto y 27 milivatios por metro cuadrado por celda de gel.
  • Se ha logrado la activación automática y simultánea de numerosos compartimentos de gel.
  • Demostró un sistema de energía suave, flexible, transparente y potencialmente biocompatible.

Conclusiones:

  • El concepto de órgano eléctrico artificial ofrece una alternativa prometedora a las baterías convencionales para la electrónica biointegrada.
  • Esta tecnología podría permitir el desarrollo de dispositivos implantables avanzados como marcapasos y sensores.
  • Las características del sistema allanan el camino para nuevos sistemas híbridos vivos y no vivos.