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Disminución del oxígeno en el océano global y las aguas costeras

Denise Breitburg¹, Lisa A Levin², Andreas Oschlies³

¹Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|January 6, 2018

Resumen

La desoxigenación del océano, provocada por las actividades humanas, amenaza la vida marina y los ecosistemas. La investigación continua es crucial para comprender y predecir estos cambios críticos en el nivel de oxígeno.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biología marina
La oceanografía
Ciencias del medio ambiente

Sus antecedentes:

El oxígeno es vital para la supervivencia de los animales y regula los ciclos globales de nutrientes y carbono.
Los niveles de oxígeno del océano han disminuido durante más de 50 años debido al aumento de las temperaturas globales y la contaminación de nutrientes.
La disminución del oxígeno afecta la vida marina y las funciones del ecosistema.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para resaltar el declive crítico en los niveles de oxígeno del océano.
Para explicar las causas de la desoxigenación del océano.
Para subrayar la necesidad de una mayor investigación sobre los cambios de oxígeno y sus impactos ecológicos.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de la literatura científica existente sobre la desoxigenación de los océanos.
Análisis de los factores que contribuyen a la pérdida de oxígeno en los ambientes marinos.
Identificación de las consecuencias biológicas y ecológicas.

Principales resultados:

Las actividades humanas, incluido el aumento de las temperaturas globales y la descarga de nutrientes, son los principales impulsores de la desoxigenación de los océanos.
La reducción de la solubilidad de oxígeno y el aumento de la respiración microbiana aceleran el agotamiento del oxígeno.
Se observan consecuencias biológicas y ecológicas generalizadas.

Conclusiones:

La desoxigenación del océano es un problema medioambiental importante impulsado por el hombre.
Comprender los cambios de oxígeno a largo plazo es esencial para la conservación marina.
Se necesita más investigación para predecir los impactos en las pesquerías y los ecosistemas.

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