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La neurexina controla la plasticidad de una neurona madura y sexualmente dimórfica
Michael P Hart1, Oliver Hobert1
11Department of Biological Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Nature
|January 12, 2018
Resumen
En C. elegans, los machos adultos exhiben plasticidad neuronal dependiente de la experiencia en la neurona DVB liberadora de GABA, alterando el comportamiento de apareamiento. Esta plasticidad sexualmente dimórfica implica la adición de neuritas, regulada por la neurexina y la neuroligina.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Biología del desarrollo
- Biología del comportamiento
Sus antecedentes:
- La plasticidad neuronal es crucial para el desarrollo y la edad adulta, afectando la estructura sináptica y las conexiones neuronales.
- La influencia del sexo en la plasticidad neuronal sigue siendo en gran medida inexplorada, particularmente a nivel morfológico.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el papel del sexo en la plasticidad neuronal.
- Elucidar los mecanismos subyacentes a los cambios morfológicos dependientes de la experiencia en las neuronas.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó Caenorhabditis elegans como organismo modelo.
- Examinó la neurona DVB liberadora de GABA para la plasticidad dependiente de la experiencia y sexualmente dimórfica.
- Investigó las funciones de la neurexina presináptica y la neuroligina postsináptica en el crecimiento de las neuritas.
Principales resultados:
- La neurona DVB en el macho adulto C. elegans muestra adición estocástica y dinámica de neuritas.
- Esta adición de neuritas conduce a la reconexión sináptica y un interruptor funcional en la neurona DVB.
- El crecimiento de neuritas es promovido por la neurexina e inhibido por la neuroligina, revelando nuevas interacciones.
Conclusiones:
- El sexo tiene un impacto significativo en la plasticidad neuronal, lo que lleva a cambios morfológicos sexualmente dimórficos en la neurona DVB.
- La experiencia y la actividad postsináptica pueden alterar la función de las neuronas DVB y el comportamiento de apareamiento masculino.
- Neurexina y neuroligina median mecanismos conservados de plasticidad neuronal relevantes para las enfermedades humanas.
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