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Celulosa de fosfoetanolamina: una celulosa modificada químicamente producida de forma natural
Wiriya Thongsomboon1, Diego O Serra2, Alexandra Possling2
1Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 20, 2018
Resumen
Escherichia coli produce celulosa modificada químicamente y es crucial para la estructura del biofilm. Esta nueva modificación de la fosfoetanolamina, identificada por RMN, es esencial para el ensamblaje de la matriz extracelular bacteriana.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología
- La bioquímica
- Biología estructural
Sus antecedentes:
- La celulosa es vital para la estructura de las plantas y las biopelículas bacterianas.
- La composición exacta y la modificación de la celulosa bacteriana siguen siendo incompletamente conocidas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para identificar las modificaciones químicas en la celulosa de Escherichia coli.
- Elucidar los mecanismos moleculares subyacentes a la producción de celulosa modificada en las biopelículas.
Principales métodos:
- Se empleó la espectroscopia de resonancia magnética nuclear de estado sólido (RMN) para analizar la celulosa bacteriana intacta.
- El análisis genético identificó proteínas clave y vías de señalización involucradas en la modificación de la celulosa.
Principales resultados:
- Descubrimiento de una modificación de la fosfoetanolamina zwitteriónica en la celulosa de Escherichia coli.
- Identificación de BcsG como una fosfoetanolamina transferasa y de la vía BcsE-BcsF-BcsG que regula su instalación.
- El operón bcsEFG, responsable de esta modificación, se conserva en otras bacterias como Salmonella.
Conclusiones:
- La fosfoetanolamina celulosa es un componente clave de la matriz extracelular en las biopelículas de E. coli.
- Los hallazgos revelan la base genética y molecular para la producción de celulosa modificada.
- Este descubrimiento abre caminos para modular la producción de celulosa bacteriana y la ingeniería de nuevos materiales celulósicos.
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