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Estabilización del Fe por el Mejoramiento de la Catálisis Intermetálica L1₀-FePt y Pt en Nanopartículas L1₀-FePt/Pt

Junrui Li¹, Zheng Xi¹, Yung-Tin Pan²

¹Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|February 8, 2018

Resumen

Estabilizamos metales de transición de primera fila en nanopartículas de aleación L10-MPt y las recubrimos con una capa atómica de platino (Pt). Esta estructura de núcleo y cáscara mejora significativamente la catálisis de la reacción de reducción de oxígeno (ORR) para las pilas de combustible.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias de los materiales
La electroquímica
Nanotecnología

Sus antecedentes:

El desarrollo de electrocatalizadores eficientes es crucial para el rendimiento de las pilas de combustible.
Los catalizadores a base de platino son esenciales para la reacción de reducción de oxígeno (ORR).
La estabilización de metales de transición dentro de las nanoestructuras de platino puede mejorar la actividad catalítica.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para estabilizar los metales de transición de primera fila (M) en las nanopartículas de aleación L10-MPt.
Para mejorar la catálisis de platino (Pt) para la reacción de reducción de oxígeno (ORR).
Desarrollar catalizadores ORR eficientes para aplicaciones de celdas de combustible.

Principales métodos:

Fabricación de nanopartículas de L10-FePt/Pt con un núcleo y una cáscara delgada de Pt.
Caracterización de la estructura y composición de las nanopartículas.
Pruebas electrocatalíticas de la actividad y la durabilidad de la ORR en medios ácidos y conjuntos de electrodos de membrana (MEA).

Principales resultados:

Una cáscara de 5 Å Pt estabilizó efectivamente el Fe en nanopartículas de L10-FePt.
El núcleo de Fe indujo una tensión de compresión en la cáscara Pt, mejorando la catálisis ORR.
El catalizador L10-FePt/Pt logró una actividad de masa de 0,7 A/mgPt y una excelente durabilidad, cumpliendo los objetivos del DOE 2020.
Se observaron resultados prometedores similares para las nanopartículas L10-CoPt/Pt.

Conclusiones:

Las nanopartículas de núcleo/capa L10-MPt/Pt son electrocatalizadores ORR muy eficaces.
Esta estrategia ofrece una vía para reducir la carga de Pt y mejorar la eficiencia de la pila de combustible.
Los catalizadores desarrollados muestran potencial para aplicaciones de pilas de combustible automotrices.

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