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Las ondas del hipocampo regulan hacia abajo las sinapsis
Hiroaki Norimoto1,2, Kenichi Makino1, Mengxuan Gao1
1Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 14, 2018
Resumen
Las ondas agudas del sueño desencadenan depresión sináptica, refinando la memoria reduciendo la actividad irrelevante. El bloqueo de estas ondas durante el sueño afecta la formación de la memoria y la regulación del peso sináptico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Ciencia del sueño
- Plasticidad sináptica
Sus antecedentes:
- El papel preciso del sueño en la regulación de la plasticidad sináptica y la consolidación de la memoria no se entiende completamente.
- Se supone que la actividad neuronal durante el sueño, particularmente las ondas agudas, influye en los cambios sinápticos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el papel causal de las ondas agudas del hipocampo en la plasticidad sináptica durante el sueño.
- Para determinar el impacto de las ondas agudas en la consolidación de la memoria y la regulación del peso sináptico.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó modelos de ratón para grabar y manipular ondas agudas del hipocampo durante los estados de sueño de onda lenta.
- Técnicas empleadas para silenciar ondas agudas y evaluar los efectos posteriores en la plasticidad sináptica y el recuerdo de la memoria.
- Investigó la participación de los receptores de N-metil-d-aspartato en la regulación descendente sináptica observada.
Principales resultados:
- Las ondas agudas del hipocampo se identificaron como desencadenantes intrínsecos para la depresión sináptica de larga duración.
- La supresión de las ondas agudas durante el sueño impidió la regulación descendente natural de los pesos sinápticos.
- La interrupción de las ondas agudas condujo a un deterioro del aprendizaje y la consolidación de la memoria.
- La regulación descendente sináptica fue dependiente de la activación del receptor de N-metil-d-aspartato y específica de ciertas vías de entrada.
Conclusiones:
- Las ondas agudas juegan un papel crucial en la refinación de los engramas de memoria al debilitar las conexiones neuronales irrelevantes durante el sueño.
- Estos hallazgos revelan una función novedosa para las ondas agudas en la regulación de la plasticidad sináptica y la memoria.
- Los resultados apoyan la hipótesis de que el sueño modifica activamente la fuerza sináptica para optimizar el almacenamiento de la memoria.
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