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Un procesador cuántico programable de dos qubits en silicio

T F Watson1, S G J Philips1, E Kawakami1

  • 1QuTech and the Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands.

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|February 15, 2018
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores desarrollaron un procesador cuántico de silicio escalable utilizando qubits de espín de punto cuántico. Este avance supera desafíos clave, allanando el camino para computadoras cuánticas más grandes y tolerantes a fallos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La computación cuántica
  • Física del estado sólido

Sus antecedentes:

  • Ahora es posible lograr altas fidelidades para bits cuánticos individuales (qubits).
  • El aumento del número de qubits para la computación cuántica tolerante a fallas presenta desafíos significativos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para demostrar un procesador cuántico programable de dos qubits utilizando qubits de espín basados en puntos cuánticos.
  • Para superar los desafíos en la interconexión de qubits, fugas de estado, calibración y hardware de control.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizados qubits de espín basados en puntos cuánticos para la integración potencial de alta densidad y el funcionamiento totalmente eléctrico.
  • Se emplean técnicas de control cuidadosamente diseñadas para gestionar las interacciones y errores de los qubits.
  • Realizó tomografía de estado cuántico para caracterizar el entrelazamiento y medir las fidelidades de estado.

Principales resultados:

  • Se ha demostrado con éxito un procesador cuántico programable de dos qubits en un dispositivo de silicio.
  • Algoritmos cuánticos canónicos ejecutados: búsqueda de Deutsch-Josza y Grover.
  • Logró fidelidades estatales del 85-89% y concurrencias del 73-82% para los estados de Bell.

Conclusiones:

  • El procesador cuántico desarrollado supera desafíos críticos en la escala de la computación cuántica.
  • Los qubits de espín de punto cuántico en silicio son prometedores para la construcción de computadoras cuánticas tolerantes a fallas a mayor escala.