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Recurrencias en un sistema cuántico aislado de muchos cuerpos
Bernhard Rauer1, Sebastian Erne1,2,3, Thomas Schweigler1
1Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 24, 2018
Resumen
Los investigadores demuestran recurrencias de estados cuánticos en grandes sistemas de interacción mediante la observación de excitaciones colectivas. Este avance permite estudiar la dinámica coherente en miles de partículas, incluso después de alcanzar un estado similar al térmico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La física cuántica
- Física de la materia condensada
- Sistemas de muchos cuerpos
Sus antecedentes:
- Los sistemas cuánticos de muchos cuerpos que interactúan exhiben dinámicas complejas.
- Probar el estado cuántico completo de los sistemas grandes es experimentalmente desafiante.
- Las recurrencias de los estados cuánticos generalmente se observan solo en sistemas pequeños.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para demostrar las recurrencias de estados cuánticos en un sistema cuántico de muchos cuerpos grande e interactivo.
- Investigar la dinámica de la coherencia y el orden de largo alcance en superfluidos.
- Permitir el estudio de dinámicas coherentes en sistemas más allá de las escalas más pequeñas.
Principales métodos:
- La realización de un espectro proporcional de excitaciones colectivas.
- Utilizando superfluidos unidimensionales.
- Observación de las recurrencias en el nivel de los observables accesibles.
Principales resultados:
- Recurrencias demostradas de coherencia y orden de largo alcance.
- Estudió un sistema cuántico de muchos cuerpos interactuando con miles de partículas.
- Recurrencias confirmadas en un sistema que muestra un estado transitorio similar al térmico.
Conclusiones:
- Las recurrencias de estados cuánticos se pueden observar en grandes sistemas que interactúan.
- El estudio abre nuevas vías para investigar la dinámica coherente en sistemas cuánticos macroscópicos.
- Los hallazgos son cruciales para comprender el caos cuántico y la termialización en sistemas de muchos cuerpos.
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