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Yan Li¹, Yanhui Li¹, Weihong Ji^1,2

¹State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|February 28, 2018

Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron nuevas nanopartículas rastreables para el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA). Estas nanopartículas entregan medicamentos y células madre neurales, mejorando los déficits de memoria y permitiendo el seguimiento por resonancia magnética.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ingeniería biomédica
Nanotecnología
La neurociencia

Sus antecedentes:

La administración simultánea de diversas terapias (fármacos, nucleótidos, nanopartículas) es un desafío debido a las diferentes propiedades químicas.
Los portadores existentes luchan para encapsular eficazmente los agentes hidrofóbicos e hidrofílicos.
El desarrollo de sistemas rastreables para la terapia sinérgica en enfermedades neurodegenerativas sigue siendo un obstáculo importante.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para sintetizar poliprodrogas anfifilas cargadas positivamente para crear nanopartículas de entrega conjunta (NP) rastreables.
Permitir una terapia sinérgica para la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) mediante la administración conjunta de fármacos y células madre neurales (CEN).
Utilizar nanocubos de óxido de hierro superparamagnéticos (SPION) para el seguimiento de imágenes por resonancia magnética (IRM) de las células no nucleares trasplantadas.

Principales métodos:

Síntesis de poliprodrogas anfifilas cargadas positivamente.
Carga de SPIONs hidrofóbicos y el oligonucleótido let-7b antisense en NPs.
Evaluación in vitro de la liberación del fármaco y sus efectos sobre las células madre neurales (CNS).
Evaluación in vivo de la eficacia de la NP en un modelo de ratón 2xTg-AD y seguimiento por resonancia magnética.

Principales resultados:

Construido con éxito NPs rastreables capaces de entregar simultáneamente espías, drogas y el oligonucleótido let-7b.
Los NPs demostraron liberación controlada del fármaco, reducción de la diferenciación de NSC y aumento de la secreción de BDNF.
El tratamiento con NPs rescató significativamente los déficits de memoria en ratones 2xTg-AD.
SPIONs dentro de NPs permitieron el seguimiento de la resonancia magnética del sitio de trasplante de NSC y la migración.

Conclusiones:

Los NP rastreables basados en polifármacos anfífilos con carga positiva ofrecen una plataforma prometedora para el tratamiento de la EA.
Este enfoque facilita la terapia sinérgica y el seguimiento en tiempo real de las intervenciones terapéuticas.
Los NP desarrollados tienen potencial para el tratamiento de la EA y otros trastornos neurodegenerativos.

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