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Conversión térmica y catalítica de alcanos en aldehídos lineales y aminas lineales
Xinxin Tang1, Xiangqing Jia1, Zheng Huang1
1State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 3, 2018
Resumen
Este estudio introduce un nuevo sistema de doble catalizador para convertir eficientemente los alcanos en aldehídos y aminas lineales valiosos. Este avance ofrece una vía directa y selectiva para la producción de bloques de construcción químicos esenciales a partir de materias primas del petróleo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Catálisis
- Química orgánica
- Química del petróleo
Sus antecedentes:
- Los alcanos son componentes primarios del petróleo y materias primas deseables para la síntesis química.
- Los aldehídos y aminas lineales son bloques de construcción químicos industriales cruciales.
- No existen métodos existentes para la conversión directa de alcano en aldehídos y aminas lineales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar un método eficaz para la conversión directa de n-alcanes en aldehídos y aminas lineales.
- Establecer un proceso de carbonilación regioselectivo para los n-alcanes.
- Para demostrar la aplicación de este sistema de doble catalizador para la aminometilación de alcano.
Principales métodos:
- Un sistema molecular de doble catalizador que combina un catalizador de iridio con pinza y un catalizador de rodio.
- El catalizador de iridio realiza la deshidrogenación por transferencia de alcanos utilizando etileno o t-butileno como aceptor de hidrógeno.
- El catalizador de rodio facilita la isomerización-hidroformilación secuencial de la olefina mediante el uso de gas de síntesis.
Principales resultados:
- Se logró una alta regioselectividad para los aldehídos lineales utilizando el sistema de doble catalizador Ir/Rh, particularmente con etileno.
- El sistema demostró altos números de rotación catalítica.
- Se logró con éxito la conversión directa de alcanos ligeros (n-pentano, n-hexano) en aldehídos de alquilo con terminación siloxi y en aminas de alquilo lineales.
Conclusiones:
- El sistema de doble catalizador Ir/Rh desarrollado proporciona una vía eficaz para la carbonilación regioselectiva de alcano a aldehídos lineales.
- Esta estrategia permite la síntesis directa de valiosos aldehídos y aminas lineales a partir de alcanos.
- La metodología tiene un potencial significativo para la industria química mediante la mejora de las materias primas del petróleo.
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