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Los defectos de placentación son muy frecuentes en los embriones letales de ratones mutantes.
Vicente Perez-Garcia1,2, Elena Fineberg1,2, Robert Wilson3
1The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK.
Nature
|March 15, 2018
Resumen
Muchos knockouts de genes de ratón causan letalidad embrionaria debido a defectos placentarios, no solo problemas embrionarios. Este estudio revela la placenta
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología del desarrollo
- La genética
- Biología de la placenta
Sus antecedentes:
- Aproximadamente el 25-30% de los knockouts de genes de ratón resultan en letalidad intrauterina.
- El análisis del desarrollo embrionario a menudo pasa por alto la placenta, un órgano extraembrionario esencial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para examinar las líneas de eliminación de ratones para los fenotipos placentarios.
- Investigar el papel de los defectos placentarios en la letalidad embrionaria y los trastornos del desarrollo.
Principales métodos:
- Se examinaron 103 embriones letales y subviables de ratones.
- Análisis de la morfología placentaria y defectos correlacionados con el desarrollo embrionario.
- Estudió células madre de trofoblastos mutantes y usó knockouts condicionales.
Principales resultados:
- El 68% de los nocauts letales a mitad de gestación mostraron dismorfologías placentarias.
- La letalidad temprana (E9.5-14.5) está fuertemente correlacionada con malformaciones placentarias severas.
- Los defectos de la placenta estaban relacionados con el desarrollo anormal del cerebro, el corazón y los vasos sanguíneos.
Conclusiones:
- Los defectos placentarios son una causa significativa y poco apreciada de letalidad embrionaria.
- Muchos genes que causan la letalidad embrionaria tienen funciones críticas en las células trofoblastas.
- Identificó las vías moleculares clave que regulan la formación de la placenta.
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