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Dinámica ambiental durante el inicio de la Edad de Piedra Media en el este de África
Richard Potts1,2, Anna K Behrensmeyer3,4, J Tyler Faith5
1Human Origins Program, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA. pottsr@si.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 17, 2018
Resumen
Los cambios ambientales influyeron en el comportamiento humano temprano. La Edad de Piedra Media (MSA) en Kenia muestra adaptación a paisajes cambiantes y ciclos húmedo-seco, en contraste con los períodos acheuleos anteriores.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleoantropología
- Arqueología
- Ciencias del medio ambiente
Sus antecedentes:
- El desarrollo de la Edad de Piedra Media Africana (MSA) antes de hace 300,000 años está relacionado con la evolución del comportamiento en los primeros Homo sapiens.
- Comprender la influencia del cambio ambiental en estos cambios de comportamiento es crucial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la dinámica ambiental antes y después de la aparición temprana de MSA en la cuenca de Olorgesailie, Kenia.
- Para correlacionar los cambios ambientales con las adaptaciones de comportamiento en los primeros Homo sapiens.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de datos sedimentológicos con restricciones de tiempo.
- Reconstrucción de las dinámicas paleoambientales.
- Comparación de registros arqueológicos de MSA y Acheulean y comunidades faunísticas asociadas.
Principales resultados:
- Los sitios de MSA en la cuenca de Olorgesailie están asociados con una comunidad faunal distinta.
- El aumento de los ciclos de deposición por erosión, la actividad tectónica y la variabilidad húmedo-seco caracterizan el período MSA.
- La tecnología de Acheulean (pre-MSA) muestra evidencia de la selectividad del material de piedra y la adquisición de recursos que coincide con la fluctuación de la tierra-lago.
Conclusiones:
- Los cambios ambientales, incluida la mayor variabilidad húmedo-seco y la actividad tectónica, probablemente influyeron en la evolución del comportamiento de los primeros Homo sapiens durante el MSA.
- Los homínidos acheuleanos ya pueden haber exhibido adaptabilidad a las fluctuaciones ambientales, presagiando potencialmente los comportamientos de los homínidos MSA.
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