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Transporte de piedra a larga distancia y uso de pigmentos en la Edad de Piedra Media más temprana
Alison S Brooks1,2, John E Yellen2,3, Richard Potts4,5
1Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, Department of Anthropology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA. abrooks@gwu.edu pottsr@si.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 17, 2018
Resumen
Los orígenes humanos tempranos (Homo sapiens) muestran comportamientos complejos como la fabricación de herramientas y el uso de pigmentos que datan de hace más de 300,000 años en Kenia. Esta investigación revela una evolución cognitiva y social significativa en la Edad de Piedra Media.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleoantropología
- Arqueología
- La evolución del hombre
Sus antecedentes:
- Los comportamientos complejos del Homo sapiens sugieren orígenes antiguos.
- Existen datos limitados sobre la evolución temprana del comportamiento humano.
- El Pleistoceno medio (< hace 200.000 años) es un período clave para los orígenes humanos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los orígenes del comportamiento humano temprano.
- Documente los cambios tecnológicos y sociales en la Edad de Piedra Media.
- Proporcionar datos sobre la evolución cognitiva del Homo sapiens.
Principales métodos:
- Excavación de sitios de la Edad de Piedra Media en la cuenca de Olorgesailie, Kenia.
- La datación de los sitios utilizando métodos de serie de argón-40/argon-39 y uranio (hace 295.000 320.000 años).
- Análisis de herramientas de piedra, uso de pigmentos y restos de fauna.
Principales resultados:
- Los homínidos crearon núcleos y puntos preparados.
- Explotación de rocas ricas en hierro para el pigmento rojo.
- Adquisición de materiales para herramientas de piedra desde largas distancias (2550 km).
- Evidencia de una amplia estrategia de recursos que incluye diversas presas.
Conclusiones:
- Estos hallazgos indican cambios significativos en el uso del paisaje y las interacciones sociales.
- Las prácticas sugieren avances en la evolución social y cognitiva humana.
- Los datos proporcionan documentación crucial para comprender los orígenes del comportamiento humano.
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