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Acceso a servicios de patología y medicina de laboratorio: una brecha crucial
Michael L Wilson1, Kenneth A Fleming2, Modupe A Kuti3
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Services, Denver Health, Denver, CO, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|March 19, 2018
Resumen
El acceso a servicios de patología y medicina de laboratorio (PALM) de calidad es crucial para los objetivos mundiales de salud, especialmente en los países de ingresos bajos y medios (LMIC). Sin embargo, los servicios de PALM en los PIMC se enfrentan a desafíos significativos en cuanto al alcance, la calidad y los recursos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud global
- Patología y medicina de laboratorio (PALM)
- Fortalecimiento de los sistemas de salud
Sus antecedentes:
- La aplicación de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible y la cobertura sanitaria universal requieren sistemas de salud sólidos.
- Los países de ingresos bajos y medios (PIBM) se enfrentan a una carga desproporcionada de enfermedades con recursos sanitarios limitados, en particular en patología y medicina de laboratorio (PALM).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Destacar el papel fundamental de los servicios PALM en los sistemas de atención de la salud dentro de los PIM.
- Identificar las principales barreras que impiden la prestación de servicios PALM óptimos en entornos con recursos limitados.
Principales métodos:
- Este documento es el primero de una serie centrada en PALM en LMIC.
- El informe sintetiza los conocimientos existentes sobre las funciones y los desafíos de los servicios PALM en estas regiones, a pesar de la escasez de datos.
Principales resultados:
- Los servicios de PALM son esenciales para el diagnóstico preciso, el pronóstico, la orientación del tratamiento, el cribado, la vigilancia y el apoyo médico-legal.
- Los servicios actuales de PALM en los PIMI son insuficientes en cuanto a su alcance y calidad.
- Se identificaron cuatro obstáculos principales: la capacidad de la mano de obra, la educación/formación, la infraestructura y la calidad/normas/acreditación.
Conclusiones:
- Abordar los obstáculos identificados es crucial para mejorar los servicios PALM en los PIM.
- El fortalecimiento de los servicios PALM es fundamental para lograr la equidad en la salud mundial y mejorar los resultados de los pacientes en entornos con recursos limitados.
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